如何使用HTTP 400错误响应在Spring MVC方法@ResponseBody返回字符串?(H

2019-09-01 04:55发布

我使用Spring MVC的一个简单的JSON API,与@ResponseBody基于类似下面的方法。 (我已经有直接生产JSON服务层)。

@RequestMapping(value = "/matches/{matchId}", produces = "application/json")
@ResponseBody
public String match(@PathVariable String matchId) {
    String json = matchService.getMatchJson(matchId);
    if (json == null) {
        // TODO: how to respond with e.g. 400 "bad request"?
    }
    return json;
}

问题是,在给定的情况下,什么是一个HTTP 400错误响应的最简单,最干净的方法是什么?

我也遇到过类似方法:

return new ResponseEntity(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);

......但我不能在这里,因为我的方法的返回类型为字符串,而不是ResponseEntity使用它。

Answer 1:

改变你的返回类型ResponseEntity<>那么你可以在下面使用400

return new ResponseEntity<>(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);

和正确的请求

return new ResponseEntity<>(json,HttpStatus.OK);

更新1

春季4.1后有在ResponseEntity辅助方法可以作为

return ResponseEntity.status(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST).body(null);

return ResponseEntity.ok(json);


Answer 2:

像这样的东西应该工作,我不知道是否有更简单的方法:

@RequestMapping(value = "/matches/{matchId}", produces = "application/json")
@ResponseBody
public String match(@PathVariable String matchId, @RequestBody String body,
            HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {
    String json = matchService.getMatchJson(matchId);
    if (json == null) {
        response.setStatus( HttpServletResponse.SC_BAD_REQUEST  );
    }
    return json;
}


Answer 3:

不一定是这样做的最简洁的方式,但挺干净的IMO

if(json == null) {
    throw new BadThingException();
}
...

@ExceptionHandler(BadThingException.class)
@ResponseStatus(value = HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
public @ResponseBody MyError handleException(BadThingException e) {
    return new MyError("That doesnt work");
}

编辑您可以使用,如果春季3.1+在异常处理程序使用方法@ResponseBody,否则使用ModelAndView什么的。

https://jira.springsource.org/browse/SPR-6902



Answer 4:

我会稍微改变实现:

首先,我创建了一个UnknownMatchException

@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND)
public class UnknownMatchException extends RuntimeException {
    public UnknownMatchException(String matchId) {
        super("Unknown match: " + matchId);
    }
}

注意使用的@ResponseStatus ,将由Spring的认可ResponseStatusExceptionResolver 。 如果抛出异常,它会创建一个相应的响应状态的响应。 (我也采取了改变状态码的自由404 - Not Found我觉得这更适合于这种使用情况,但是你能坚持HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST如果你喜欢。)


接下来,我会改变MatchService具有以下特征:

interface MatchService {
    public Match findMatch(String matchId);
}

最后,我会更新控制器和委托给Spring的MappingJackson2HttpMessageConverter自动处理JSON序列化(这是默认添加,如果添加杰克逊到类路径,并添加任何@EnableWebMvc<mvc:annotation-driven />到您的配置,请参阅的参考文档 ):

@RequestMapping(value = "/matches/{matchId}", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE)
@ResponseBody
public Match match(@PathVariable String matchId) {
    // throws an UnknownMatchException if the matchId is not known 
    return matchService.findMatch(matchId);
}

注意,这是很常见的域对象从视图的对象或对象DTO分离。 这可以很容易通过增加一个小DTO工厂,返回可序列化JSON对象来实现:

@RequestMapping(value = "/matches/{matchId}", produces = MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_VALUE)
@ResponseBody
public MatchDTO match(@PathVariable String matchId) {
    Match match = matchService.findMatch(matchId);
    return MatchDtoFactory.createDTO(match);
}


Answer 5:

这里有一个不同的方法。 创建一个自定义Exception带注释@ResponseStatus ,像下面的一个。

@ResponseStatus(code = HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND, reason = "Not Found")
public class NotFoundException extends Exception {

    public NotFoundException() {
    }
}

并在需要时把它。

@RequestMapping(value = "/matches/{matchId}", produces = "application/json")
@ResponseBody
public String match(@PathVariable String matchId) {
    String json = matchService.getMatchJson(matchId);
    if (json == null) {
        throw new NotFoundException();
    }
    return json;
}

这里看看Spring文档: http://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/current/spring-framework-reference/htmlsingle/#mvc-ann-annotated-exceptions 。



Answer 6:

正如一些答案提到的,是创建要返回每个HTTP状态的异常类的能力。 我不喜欢创建每个状态的类对每一个项目的想法。 以下是我想出了替代。

  • 创建一个接受HTTP状态一般异常
  • 创建一个控制器咨询异常处理程序

让我们的代码

package com.javaninja.cam.exception;

import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;


/**
 * The exception used to return a status and a message to the calling system.
 * @author norrisshelton
 */
@SuppressWarnings("ClassWithoutNoArgConstructor")
public class ResourceException extends RuntimeException {

    private HttpStatus httpStatus = HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR;

    /**
     * Gets the HTTP status code to be returned to the calling system.
     * @return http status code.  Defaults to HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR (500).
     * @see HttpStatus
     */
    public HttpStatus getHttpStatus() {
        return httpStatus;
    }

    /**
     * Constructs a new runtime exception with the specified HttpStatus code and detail message.
     * The cause is not initialized, and may subsequently be initialized by a call to {@link #initCause}.
     * @param httpStatus the http status.  The detail message is saved for later retrieval by the {@link
     *                   #getHttpStatus()} method.
     * @param message    the detail message. The detail message is saved for later retrieval by the {@link
     *                   #getMessage()} method.
     * @see HttpStatus
     */
    public ResourceException(HttpStatus httpStatus, String message) {
        super(message);
        this.httpStatus = httpStatus;
    }
}

然后,我创建一个控制器类的建议

package com.javaninja.cam.spring;


import com.javaninja.cam.exception.ResourceException;

import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ExceptionHandler;


/**
 * Exception handler advice class for all SpringMVC controllers.
 * @author norrisshelton
 * @see org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice
 */
@org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice
public class ControllerAdvice {

    /**
     * Handles ResourceExceptions for the SpringMVC controllers.
     * @param e SpringMVC controller exception.
     * @return http response entity
     * @see ExceptionHandler
     */
    @ExceptionHandler(ResourceException.class)
    public ResponseEntity handleException(ResourceException e) {
        return ResponseEntity.status(e.getHttpStatus()).body(e.getMessage());
    }
}

要使用它

throw new ResourceException(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST, "My message");

http://javaninja.net/2016/06/throwing-exceptions-messages-spring-mvc-controller/



Answer 7:

我M在我的春天启动的应用程序使用此

@RequestMapping(value = "/matches/{matchId}", produces = "application/json")
@ResponseBody
public ResponseEntity<?> match(@PathVariable String matchId, @RequestBody String body,
            HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {

    Product p;
    try {
      p = service.getProduct(request.getProductId());
    } catch(Exception ex) {
       return new ResponseEntity<String>(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
    }

    return new ResponseEntity(p, HttpStatus.OK);
}


Answer 8:

随着春天的引导,我不完全知道为什么,这是必要的(我得到了/error ,即使后备@ResponseBody是上定义@ExceptionHandler ),但在本身下面没有工作:

@ResponseBody
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
@ExceptionHandler(IllegalArgumentException.class)
public ErrorMessage handleIllegalArguments(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, IllegalArgumentException e) {
    log.error("Illegal arguments received.", e);
    ErrorMessage errorMessage = new ErrorMessage();
    errorMessage.code = 400;
    errorMessage.message = e.getMessage();
    return errorMessage;
}

它仍然抛出一个异常,显然是因为没有可生产的媒体类型被定义为一个请求属性:

// AbstractMessageConverterMethodProcessor
@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
protected <T> void writeWithMessageConverters(T value, MethodParameter returnType,
        ServletServerHttpRequest inputMessage, ServletServerHttpResponse outputMessage)
        throws IOException, HttpMediaTypeNotAcceptableException, HttpMessageNotWritableException {

    Class<?> valueType = getReturnValueType(value, returnType);
    Type declaredType = getGenericType(returnType);
    HttpServletRequest request = inputMessage.getServletRequest();
    List<MediaType> requestedMediaTypes = getAcceptableMediaTypes(request);
    List<MediaType> producibleMediaTypes = getProducibleMediaTypes(request, valueType, declaredType);
if (value != null && producibleMediaTypes.isEmpty()) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("No converter found for return value of type: " + valueType);   // <-- throws
    }

// ....

@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
protected List<MediaType> getProducibleMediaTypes(HttpServletRequest request, Class<?> valueClass, Type declaredType) {
    Set<MediaType> mediaTypes = (Set<MediaType>) request.getAttribute(HandlerMapping.PRODUCIBLE_MEDIA_TYPES_ATTRIBUTE);
    if (!CollectionUtils.isEmpty(mediaTypes)) {
        return new ArrayList<MediaType>(mediaTypes);

所以我加入他们。

@ResponseBody
@ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST)
@ExceptionHandler(IllegalArgumentException.class)
public ErrorMessage handleIllegalArguments(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, IllegalArgumentException e) {
    Set<MediaType> mediaTypes = new HashSet<>();
    mediaTypes.add(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON_UTF8);
    httpServletRequest.setAttribute(HandlerMapping.PRODUCIBLE_MEDIA_TYPES_ATTRIBUTE, mediaTypes);
    log.error("Illegal arguments received.", e);
    ErrorMessage errorMessage = new ErrorMessage();
    errorMessage.code = 400;
    errorMessage.message = e.getMessage();
    return errorMessage;
}

这让我通过具有“兼容支持的媒体类型”,但随后仍然没有工作,因为我ErrorMessage是错误的:

public class ErrorMessage {
    int code;

    String message;
}

JacksonMapper没有处理为“可转换”,所以我不得不添加getter / setter方法,我也加入@JsonProperty注解

public class ErrorMessage {
    @JsonProperty("code")
    private int code;

    @JsonProperty("message")
    private String message;

    public int getCode() {
        return code;
    }

    public void setCode(int code) {
        this.code = code;
    }

    public String getMessage() {
        return message;
    }

    public void setMessage(String message) {
        this.message = message;
    }
}

然后,我收到我的消息,如预期

{"code":400,"message":"An \"url\" parameter must be defined."}


Answer 9:

我觉得这个线程实际拥有的最简单,干净的解决方案,在不牺牲JSON martialing工具,Spring提供:

https://stackoverflow.com/a/16986372/1278921



文章来源: How to respond with HTTP 400 error in a Spring MVC @ResponseBody method returning String?