How to secure REST API with Spring Boot and Spring

问题:

I know that securing REST API is widely commented topic but I'm not able to create a small prototype that meets my criteria (and I need to confirm that these criteria are realistic). There are so many options how to secure resources and how work with Spring security, I need to clarify if my needs are realistic.

My requirements

• Token based authenticator - users will provide its credentials and get unique and time limited access token. I would like to manage token creation, checking validity, expiration in my own implementation.
• Some REST resources will be public - no need to authenticate at all,
• Some resources will be accessible only for users with administrator rights,
• Other resource will be accessible after authorization for all users.
• I don't want to use Basic authentication
• Java code configuration (not XML)

Current status

My REST API works very well, but now I need to secure it. When I was looking for a solution I created a javax.servlet.Filter filter:

  @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {

        HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) req;

        String accessToken = request.getHeader(AUTHORIZATION_TOKEN);
        Account account = accountDao.find(accessToken);

        if (account == null) {    
            throw new UnauthorizedException();    
        }

        chain.doFilter(req, res);

    }

But this solution with javax.servlet.filters doesn't work as I need because there is an issue with exception handling via @ControllerAdvice with Spring servlet dispatcher.

What I need

I would like to know if these criteria are realistic and get any help, how to start securing REST API with Spring Security. I read many tutorials (e.g. Spring Data REST + Spring Security) but all work in very basic configuration - users with their credentials are stored in memory in configuration and I need to work with DBMS and create own authenticator.

Please give me some ideas how to start.

回答1:

Token based authentication - users will provide its credentials and get unique and time limited access token. I would like to manage token creation, checking validity, expiration in my own implementation.

Actually, use Filter for token Auth - best way in this case

Eventually, you can create CRUD via Spring Data for managing Token's properties like to expire, etc.

Here is my token filter: http://pastebin.com/13WWpLq2

And Token Service Implementation

http://pastebin.com/dUYM555E

Some REST resources will be public - no need to authenticate at all

It's not a problem, you can manage your resources via Spring security config like this: .antMatchers("/rest/blabla/**").permitAll()

Some resources will be accessible only for users with administrator rights,

Take a look at @Secured annotation to class. Example:

@Controller
@RequestMapping(value = "/adminservice")
@Secured("ROLE_ADMIN")
public class AdminServiceController {

The other resource will be accessible after authorization for all users.

Back to Spring Security configure, you can configure your url like this:

    http
            .authorizeRequests()
            .antMatchers("/openforall/**").permitAll()
            .antMatchers("/alsoopen/**").permitAll()
            .anyRequest().authenticated()

I don't want to use Basic authentication

Yep, via token filter, your users will be authenticated.

Java code configuration (not XML)

Back to the words above, look at @EnableWebSecurity. Your class will be:

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {}

You have to override the configure method. Code below, just for example, how to configure matchers. It's from another project.

    @Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
    http
            .authorizeRequests()
            .antMatchers("/assets/**").permitAll()
            .anyRequest().authenticated()
            .and()
            .formLogin()
                .usernameParameter("j_username")
                .passwordParameter("j_password")
                .loginPage("/login")
                .defaultSuccessUrl("/", true)
                .successHandler(customAuthenticationSuccessHandler)
                .permitAll()
            .and()
                .logout()
                .logoutUrl("/logout")
                .invalidateHttpSession(true)
                .logoutSuccessUrl("/")
                .deleteCookies("JSESSIONID")
                .logoutRequestMatcher(new AntPathRequestMatcher("/logout"))
            .and()
                .csrf();
}

回答2:

Spring security also very useful for providing authentication and authorization to the REST URLs. We no need to specify any custom implementations.

First, you need to specify the entry-point-ref to restAuthenticationEntryPoint in your security configuration as below.

 <security:http pattern="/api/**" entry-point-ref="restAuthenticationEntryPoint" use-expressions="true" auto-config="true" create-session="stateless" >

    <security:intercept-url pattern="/api/userList" access="hasRole('ROLE_USER')"/>
    <security:intercept-url pattern="/api/managerList" access="hasRole('ROLE_ADMIN')"/>
    <security:custom-filter ref="preAuthFilter" position="PRE_AUTH_FILTER"/>
</security:http>

Implementation for the restAuthenticationEntryPoint might be as below.

 @Component
public class RestAuthenticationEntryPoint implements AuthenticationEntryPoint {

   public void commence(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException authException ) throws IOException {
      response.sendError( HttpServletResponse.SC_UNAUTHORIZED, "Unauthorized" );
   }
}

After this you need to specify RequestHeaderAuthenticationFilter. It contains the RequestHeader key. This is basically used for identifying the user`s authentication. Generally RequestHeader carries this information while making the REST calls. For example consider below code

   <bean id="preAuthFilter" class="org.springframework.security.web.authentication.preauth.RequestHeaderAuthenticationFilter">
    <property name="principalRequestHeader" value="Authorization"/>
    <property name="authenticationManager" ref="authenticationManager" />
  </bean>

Here,

<property name="principalRequestHeader" value="Authorization"/>

"Authorization" is the the key presented the incoming request. It holds the required user`s authentication information. Also you need to configure the PreAuthenticatedAuthenticationProvider to fulfill our requirement.

   <bean id="preauthAuthProvider" class="org.springframework.security.web.authentication.preauth.PreAuthenticatedAuthenticationProvider">
<property name="preAuthenticatedUserDetailsService">
  <bean id="userDetailsServiceWrapper"
      class="org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsByNameServiceWrapper">
    <property name="userDetailsService" ref="authenticationService"/>
  </bean>
</property>
</bean>

This code will work for securing the REST urls by means of Authentication and authorization without any custom implementations.

For Complete code please find the below link:

https://github.com/srinivas1918/spring-rest-security

回答3:

I searched this long time too.I am working on a similar project.I found out Spring has a module to implement session via redis. It looks easy and useful. I will add to my project too. Can be helpful:

http://docs.spring.io/spring-session/docs/1.2.1.BUILD-SNAPSHOT/reference/html5/guides/rest.html

回答4:

To validate REST API there are 2 ways

1 - Basic authentication using default username and password set up in application.properties file

Basic Authentication

2 - Authenticate using database (userDetailsService) with the actual username and password

Advanced Authentication