如何实现一个堆栈和在JavaScript队列?(How do you implement a Sta

2019-08-20 22:57发布

什么是实现一个堆栈和在JavaScript中队列的最佳方法?

我希望做的调度场算法,我会需要这些数据结构。

Answer 1:

var stack = [];
stack.push(2);       // stack is now [2]
stack.push(5);       // stack is now [2, 5]
var i = stack.pop(); // stack is now [2]
alert(i);            // displays 5

var queue = [];
queue.push(2);         // queue is now [2]
queue.push(5);         // queue is now [2, 5]
var i = queue.shift(); // queue is now [5]
alert(i);              // displays 2

从“拍摄9个,你可能不知道的JavaScript提示 ”



Answer 2:

JavaScript有push和pop方法,这对普通的Javascript数组对象进行操作。

对于队列,请看这里:

http://safalra.com/web-design/javascript/queues/

队列可以使用JavaScript中任一所述推送和移位方法或阵列对象的不印字和pop方法来实现。 虽然这是实现队列一个简单的方法,它是大型队列非常低效 - 因为这些方法对数组操作时,shift和unshift方法的每一个元素的数组中每次被调用一次移动。

Queue.js是JavaScript的,其离队功能运行在固定的时间里一个简单而有效的队列实现。 其结果是,对于较大的队列它可以比使用数组显著更快。



Answer 3:

阵列。

堆:

var stack = [];

//put value on top of stack
stack.push(1);

//remove value from top of stack
var value = stack.pop();

队列:

var queue = [];

//put value on end of queue
queue.push(1);

//Take first value from queue
var value = queue.shift();


Answer 4:

如果你想使自己的数据结构,你可以建立自己的:

var Stack = function(){
  this.top = null;
  this.size = 0;
};

var Node = function(data){
  this.data = data;
  this.previous = null;
};

Stack.prototype.push = function(data) {
  var node = new Node(data);

  node.previous = this.top;
  this.top = node;
  this.size += 1;
  return this.top;
};

Stack.prototype.pop = function() {
  temp = this.top;
  this.top = this.top.previous;
  this.size -= 1;
  return temp;
};

而对于队列:

var Queue = function() {
  this.first = null;
  this.size = 0;
};

var Node = function(data) {
  this.data = data;
  this.next = null;
};

Queue.prototype.enqueue = function(data) {
  var node = new Node(data);

  if (!this.first){
    this.first = node;
  } else {
    n = this.first;
    while (n.next) {
      n = n.next;
    }
    n.next = node;
  }

  this.size += 1;
  return node;
};

Queue.prototype.dequeue = function() {
  temp = this.first;
  this.first = this.first.next;
  this.size -= 1;
  return temp;
};


Answer 5:

队列的实现使用链表

 // Linked List function Node(data) { this.data = data; this.next = null; } // Stack implemented using LinkedList function Stack() { this.top = null; } Stack.prototype.push = function(data) { var newNode = new Node(data); newNode.next = this.top; //Special attention this.top = newNode; } Stack.prototype.pop = function() { if (this.top !== null) { var topItem = this.top.data; this.top = this.top.next; return topItem; } return null; } Stack.prototype.print = function() { var curr = this.top; while (curr) { console.log(curr.data); curr = curr.next; } } // var stack = new Stack(); // stack.push(3); // stack.push(5); // stack.push(7); // stack.print(); // Queue implemented using LinkedList function Queue() { this.head = null; this.tail = null; } Queue.prototype.enqueue = function(data) { var newNode = new Node(data); if (this.head === null) { this.head = newNode; this.tail = newNode; } else { this.tail.next = newNode; this.tail = newNode; } } Queue.prototype.dequeue = function() { var newNode; if (this.head !== null) { newNode = this.head.data; this.head = this.head.next; } return newNode; } Queue.prototype.print = function() { var curr = this.head; while (curr) { console.log(curr.data); curr = curr.next; } } var queue = new Queue(); queue.enqueue(3); queue.enqueue(5); queue.enqueue(7); queue.print(); queue.dequeue(); queue.dequeue(); queue.print(); 



Answer 6:

Javascript数组移()是缓慢的保持许多元素时尤其如此。 我知道两种方法来实现队列摊销O(1)复杂性。

第一是通过使用循环缓冲器和表加倍。 我之前已经实现了这一点。 你可以在这里看到我的源代码https://github.com/kevyuu/rapid-queue

第二种方法是通过使用两个堆叠。 这是一个有两个堆栈队列中的代码

function createDoubleStackQueue() {
var that = {};
var pushContainer = [];
var popContainer = [];

function moveElementToPopContainer() {
    while (pushContainer.length !==0 ) {
        var element = pushContainer.pop();
        popContainer.push(element);
    }
}

that.push = function(element) {
    pushContainer.push(element);
};

that.shift = function() {
    if (popContainer.length === 0) {
        moveElementToPopContainer();
    }
    if (popContainer.length === 0) {
        return null;
    } else {
        return popContainer.pop();
    }
};

that.front = function() {
    if (popContainer.length === 0) {
        moveElementToPopContainer();
    }
    if (popContainer.length === 0) {
        return null;
    }
    return popContainer[popContainer.length - 1];
};

that.length = function() {
    return pushContainer.length + popContainer.length;
};

that.isEmpty = function() {
    return (pushContainer.length + popContainer.length) === 0;
};

return that;}

这是使用jsPerf性能比较

CircularQueue.shift()VS Array.shift()

http://jsperf.com/rapidqueue-shift-vs-array-shift

正如你可以看到它显著更快的是大数据集



Answer 7:

有相当多的,你可以在Javascript中实现栈和队列的几种方法。 大部分的答案以上是很浅的实现,我会努力实现更多的东西可读(使用ES6的新语法功能)和强大。

这里的栈的实现:

class Stack {
  constructor(...items){
    this._items = []

    if(items.length>0)
      items.forEach(item => this._items.push(item) )

  }

  push(...items){
    //push item to the stack
     items.forEach(item => this._items.push(item) )
     return this._items;

  }

  pop(count=0){
    //pull out the topmost item (last item) from stack
    if(count===0)
      return this._items.pop()
     else
       return this._items.splice( -count, count )
  }

  peek(){
    // see what's the last item in stack
    return this._items[this._items.length-1]
  }

  size(){
    //no. of items in stack
    return this._items.length
  }

  isEmpty(){
    // return whether the stack is empty or not
    return this._items.length==0
  }

  toArray(){
    return this._items;
  }
}

这是你可以使用堆栈:

let my_stack = new Stack(1,24,4);
// [1, 24, 4]
my_stack.push(23)
//[1, 24, 4, 23]
my_stack.push(1,2,342);
//[1, 24, 4, 23, 1, 2, 342]
my_stack.pop();
//[1, 24, 4, 23, 1, 2]
my_stack.pop(3)
//[1, 24, 4]
my_stack.isEmpty()
// false
my_stack.size();
//3

如果您想详细了解此实现的详细说明,以及如何可以进一步提高,你可以在这里阅读: http://jschap.com/data-structures-in-javascript-stack/

下面是在ES6队列实现的代码:

class Queue{
 constructor(...items){
   //initialize the items in queue
   this._items = []
   // enqueuing the items passed to the constructor
   this.enqueue(...items)
 }

  enqueue(...items){
    //push items into the queue
    items.forEach( item => this._items.push(item) )
    return this._items;
  }

  dequeue(count=1){
    //pull out the first item from the queue
    this._items.splice(0,count);
    return this._items;
  }

  peek(){
    //peek at the first item from the queue
    return this._items[0]
  }

  size(){
    //get the length of queue
    return this._items.length
  }

  isEmpty(){
    //find whether the queue is empty or no
    return this._items.length===0
  }
}

这里是你如何使用这个实现:

let my_queue = new Queue(1,24,4);
// [1, 24, 4]
my_queue.enqueue(23)
//[1, 24, 4, 23]
my_queue.enqueue(1,2,342);
//[1, 24, 4, 23, 1, 2, 342]
my_queue.dequeue();
//[24, 4, 23, 1, 2, 342]
my_queue.dequeue(3)
//[1, 2, 342]
my_queue.isEmpty()
// false
my_queue.size();
//3

要经过如何将这些数据结构已经实现了完整的教程,以及如何能够将这些进一步改善,可能要经过一系列的jschap.com“与数据结构在JavaScript中播放”。 下面是队列的链接- http://jschap.com/playing-data-structures-javascript-queues/



Answer 8:

/*------------------------------------------------------------------ 
 Defining Stack Operations using Closures in Javascript, privacy and
 state of stack operations are maintained

 @author:Arijt Basu
 Log: Sun Dec 27, 2015, 3:25PM
 ------------------------------------------------------------------- 
 */
var stackControl = true;
var stack = (function(array) {
        array = [];
        //--Define the max size of the stack
        var MAX_SIZE = 5;

        function isEmpty() {
            if (array.length < 1) console.log("Stack is empty");
        };
        isEmpty();

        return {

            push: function(ele) {
                if (array.length < MAX_SIZE) {
                    array.push(ele)
                    return array;
                } else {
                    console.log("Stack Overflow")
                }
            },
            pop: function() {
                if (array.length > 1) {
                    array.pop();
                    return array;
                } else {
                    console.log("Stack Underflow");
                }
            }

        }
    })()
    // var list = 5;
    // console.log(stack(list))
if (stackControl) {
    console.log(stack.pop());
    console.log(stack.push(3));
    console.log(stack.push(2));
    console.log(stack.pop());
    console.log(stack.push(1));
    console.log(stack.pop());
    console.log(stack.push(38));
    console.log(stack.push(22));
    console.log(stack.pop());
    console.log(stack.pop());
    console.log(stack.push(6));
    console.log(stack.pop());
}
//End of STACK Logic

/* Defining Queue operations*/

var queue = (function(array) {
    array = [];
    var reversearray;
    //--Define the max size of the stack
    var MAX_SIZE = 5;

    function isEmpty() {
        if (array.length < 1) console.log("Queue is empty");
    };
    isEmpty();

    return {
        insert: function(ele) {
            if (array.length < MAX_SIZE) {
                array.push(ele)
                reversearray = array.reverse();
                return reversearray;
            } else {
                console.log("Queue Overflow")
            }
        },
        delete: function() {
            if (array.length > 1) {
                //reversearray = array.reverse();
                array.pop();
                return array;
            } else {
                console.log("Queue Underflow");
            }
        }
    }



})()

console.log(queue.insert(5))
console.log(queue.insert(3))
console.log(queue.delete(3))


Answer 9:

否则,你可以使用两个数组来实现队列数据结构。

var temp_stack = new Array();
var stack = new Array();

temp_stack.push(1);
temp_stack.push(2);
temp_stack.push(3);

如果我流行的元素,现在则输出为3,2,1。 但是,我们希望FIFO结构,这样你就可以做到以下几点。

stack.push(temp_stack.pop());
stack.push(temp_stack.pop());
stack.push(temp_stack.pop());

stack.pop(); //Pop out 1
stack.pop(); //Pop out 2
stack.pop(); //Pop out 3


Answer 10:

下面是两个目的一个相当简单的队列实现:

  • 不像array.shift(),你知道这出队方法需要一定的时间(O(1))。
  • 为了提高速度,这种方法使用了许多比链表的办法少分配。

堆栈实现共享只是第二目标。

// Queue
function Queue() {
        this.q = new Array(5);
        this.first = 0;
        this.size = 0;
}
Queue.prototype.enqueue = function(a) {
        var other;
        if (this.size == this.q.length) {
                other = new Array(this.size*2);
                for (var i = 0; i < this.size; i++) {
                        other[i] = this.q[(this.first+i)%this.size];
                }
                this.first = 0;
                this.q = other;
        }
        this.q[(this.first+this.size)%this.q.length] = a;
        this.size++;
};
Queue.prototype.dequeue = function() {
        if (this.size == 0) return undefined;
        this.size--;
        var ret = this.q[this.first];
        this.first = (this.first+1)%this.q.length;
        return ret;
};
Queue.prototype.peek = function() { return this.size > 0 ? this.q[this.first] : undefined; };
Queue.prototype.isEmpty = function() { return this.size == 0; };

// Stack
function Stack() {
        this.s = new Array(5);
        this.size = 0;
}
Stack.prototype.push = function(a) {
        var other;
    if (this.size == this.s.length) {
            other = new Array(this.s.length*2);
            for (var i = 0; i < this.s.length; i++) other[i] = this.s[i];
            this.s = other;
    }
    this.s[this.size++] = a;
};
Stack.prototype.pop = function() {
        if (this.size == 0) return undefined;
        return this.s[--this.size];
};
Stack.prototype.peek = function() { return this.size > 0 ? this.s[this.size-1] : undefined; };


Answer 11:

如果你明白与push()和弹出堆栈()函数,那么队列只是为了在oposite意义上,这些操作中的一个。 推Oposite()是不印字()和弹出的oposite()ES移()。 然后:

//classic stack
var stack = [];
stack.push("first"); // push inserts at the end
stack.push("second");
stack.push("last");
stack.pop(); //pop takes the "last" element

//One way to implement queue is to insert elements in the oposite sense than a stack
var queue = [];
queue.unshift("first"); //unshift inserts at the beginning
queue.unshift("second");
queue.unshift("last");
queue.pop(); //"first"

//other way to do queues is to take the elements in the oposite sense than stack
var queue = [];
queue.push("first"); //push, as in the stack inserts at the end
queue.push("second");
queue.push("last");
queue.shift(); //but shift takes the "first" element


Answer 12:

这里是一个队列,其中还包括最后一个节点,通过@perkins所建议的链表版本,并根据是最合适的。

// QUEUE Object Definition

var Queue = function() {
  this.first = null;
  this.last = null;
  this.size = 0;
};

var Node = function(data) {
  this.data = data;
  this.next = null;
};

Queue.prototype.enqueue = function(data) {
  var node = new Node(data);

  if (!this.first){ // for empty list first and last are the same
    this.first = node;
    this.last = node;
  } else { // otherwise we stick it on the end
    this.last.next=node;
    this.last=node;
  }

  this.size += 1;
  return node;
};

Queue.prototype.dequeue = function() {
  if (!this.first) //check for empty list
    return null;

  temp = this.first; // grab top of list
  if (this.first==this.last) {
    this.last=null;  // when we need to pop the last one
  }
  this.first = this.first.next; // move top of list down
  this.size -= 1;
  return temp;
};


Answer 13:

您可以使用基于这样的概念,这里的代码片段,您可以使用做的东西你自己的定制类

/*
*   Stack implementation in JavaScript
*/

function Stack(){
    this.top = null;
    this.count = 0;

    this.getCount = function(){
        return this.count;
    }

    this.getTop = function(){
        return this.top;
    }

    this.push = function(data){
        var node = {
            data : data,
            next : null
        }

        node.next = this.top;
        this.top = node;

        this.count++;
    }

    this.peek = function(){
        if(this.top === null){
            return null;
        }else{
            return this.top.data;
        }
    }

    this.pop = function(){
        if(this.top === null){
            return null;
        }else{
            var out = this.top;
            this.top = this.top.next;
            if(this.count>0){
                this.count--;
            }

            return out.data;
        }
    }

    this.displayAll = function(){
        if(this.top === null){
            return null;
        }else{
            var arr = new Array();

            var current = this.top;
            //console.log(current);
            for(var i = 0;i<this.count;i++){
                arr[i] = current.data;
                current = current.next;
            }

            return arr;
        }
    }
}

并检查这个使用您的控制台,并尝试这些线一个接一个。

>> var st = new Stack();

>> st.push("BP");

>> st.push("NK");

>> st.getTop();

>> st.getCount();

>> st.displayAll();

>> st.pop();

>> st.displayAll();

>> st.getTop();

>> st.peek();


Answer 14:

在Javascript规则排列结构是堆栈(先入后出),这取决于你打的电话,也可以作为一个队列(先入先出)。

检查此链接,看看如何让一个数组的行为像一个队列:

队列



Answer 15:

没有数组(S)

//Javascript stack linked list data structure (no array)

function node(value, noderef) {
    this.value = value;
    this.next = noderef;
}
function stack() {
    this.push = function (value) {
        this.next = this.first;
        this.first = new node(value, this.next);
    }
    this.pop = function () {
        var popvalue = this.first.value;
        this.first = this.first.next;
        return popvalue;
    }
    this.hasnext = function () {
        return this.next != undefined;
    }
    this.isempty = function () {
        return this.first == undefined;
    }

}

//Javascript stack linked list data structure (no array)
function node(value, noderef) {
    this.value = value;
    this.next = undefined;
}
function queue() {
    this.enqueue = function (value) {
        this.oldlast = this.last;
        this.last = new node(value);
        if (this.isempty())
            this.first = this.last;
        else 
           this.oldlast.next = this.last;
    }
    this.dequeue = function () {
        var queuvalue = this.first.value;
        this.first = this.first.next;
        return queuvalue;
    }
    this.hasnext = function () {
        return this.first.next != undefined;
    }
    this.isempty = function () {
        return this.first == undefined;
    }

}


Answer 16:

在其他的答案解释栈的实现是微不足道的。

但是,我没有找到在此线程用JavaScript实现队列中的任何令人满意的答案,所以我做了我自己。

有三种类型,在这个线程的解决方案:

  • 阵列-最坏溶液,使用array.shift()一个大的阵列上是非常低效的
  • 链表 - 这是O(1),但使用每个元素的对象是有点过分,尤其是如果有很多人,他们都很小,像存储号码
  • 延迟移位阵列 - 它包括关联与所述阵列的索引。 当一个元件被出列,索引向前移动。 当索引到达阵列的中间,该阵列在两个切片以除去所述第一半。

延迟换挡阵列是我心目中最满意的解决方案,但他们仍然存储在一个大的连续的数组都可以是有问题的,当阵列切片应用程序将错开。

我用小阵列的链表(1000个元素最大值每个)制成的实施方式。 阵列表现得像延迟移位阵列,除了它们永远不会切片:当所述阵列中的每个元素被删除,该阵列被简单地丢弃。

该软件包是在NPM基本FIFO functionnality,我只是把它最近。 该代码是分为两个部分。

这里是第一部分

/** Queue contains a linked list of Subqueue */
class Subqueue <T> {
  public full() {
    return this.array.length >= 1000;
  }

  public get size() {
    return this.array.length - this.index;
  }

  public peek(): T {
    return this.array[this.index];
  }

  public last(): T {
    return this.array[this.array.length-1];
  }

  public dequeue(): T {
    return this.array[this.index++];
  }

  public enqueue(elem: T) {
    this.array.push(elem);
  }

  private index: number = 0;
  private array: T [] = [];

  public next: Subqueue<T> = null;
}

这里是主Queue类:

class Queue<T> {
  get length() {
    return this._size;
  }

  public push(...elems: T[]) {
    for (let elem of elems) {
      if (this.bottom.full()) {
        this.bottom = this.bottom.next = new Subqueue<T>();
      }
      this.bottom.enqueue(elem);
    }

    this._size += elems.length;
  }

  public shift(): T {
    if (this._size === 0) {
      return undefined;
    }

    const val = this.top.dequeue();
    this._size--;
    if (this._size > 0 && this.top.size === 0 && this.top.full()) {
      // Discard current subqueue and point top to the one after
      this.top = this.top.next;
    }
    return val;
  }

  public peek(): T {
    return this.top.peek();
  }

  public last(): T {
    return this.bottom.last();
  }

  public clear() {
    this.bottom = this.top = new Subqueue();
    this._size = 0;
  }

  private top: Subqueue<T> = new Subqueue();
  private bottom: Subqueue<T> = this.top;
  private _size: number = 0;
}

类型的注释( : X )可以很容易地被移除,以获得ES6 JavaScript代码。



Answer 17:

如果您正在寻找ES6 OOP实现栈和队列数据结构的一些基本操作(基于链表),那么它可能是这样的:

Queue.js

import LinkedList from '../linked-list/LinkedList';

export default class Queue {
  constructor() {
    this.linkedList = new LinkedList();
  }

  isEmpty() {
    return !this.linkedList.tail;
  }

  peek() {
    if (!this.linkedList.head) {
      return null;
    }

    return this.linkedList.head.value;
  }

  enqueue(value) {
    this.linkedList.append(value);
  }

  dequeue() {
    const removedHead = this.linkedList.deleteHead();
    return removedHead ? removedHead.value : null;
  }

  toString(callback) {
    return this.linkedList.toString(callback);
  }
}

Stack.js

import LinkedList from '../linked-list/LinkedList';

export default class Stack {
  constructor() {
    this.linkedList = new LinkedList();
  }

  /**
   * @return {boolean}
   */
  isEmpty() {
    return !this.linkedList.tail;
  }

  /**
   * @return {*}
   */
  peek() {
    if (!this.linkedList.tail) {
      return null;
    }

    return this.linkedList.tail.value;
  }

  /**
   * @param {*} value
   */
  push(value) {
    this.linkedList.append(value);
  }

  /**
   * @return {*}
   */
  pop() {
    const removedTail = this.linkedList.deleteTail();
    return removedTail ? removedTail.value : null;
  }

  /**
   * @return {*[]}
   */
  toArray() {
    return this.linkedList
      .toArray()
      .map(linkedListNode => linkedListNode.value)
      .reverse();
  }

  /**
   * @param {function} [callback]
   * @return {string}
   */
  toString(callback) {
    return this.linkedList.toString(callback);
  }
}

和LinkedList实现,用于栈和队列在上面的例子可以发现在GitHub上这里 。



Answer 18:

  var x = 10; 
  var y = 11; 
  var Queue = new Array();
  Queue.unshift(x);
  Queue.unshift(y);

  console.log(Queue)
  // Output [11, 10]

  Queue.pop()
  console.log(Queue)
  // Output [11]


Answer 19:

问候,

在Javascript栈和队列的实现如下:

堆栈:堆栈是被根据后进先出(LIFO)原则插入和移除对象的容器。

  • 推:方法将一个或多个元素添加到数组的末尾,并返回该数组的新长度。
  • 弹出:方法删除数组的最后一个元素并返回该元素。

队列:一个队列是一个对象被根据先入先出(FIFO)原理插入和移除的容器(一个线性集合)。

  • 不印字:方法将一个或多个元素添加到数组的开始。

  • 移:方法从阵列中移除的第一个元素。

 let stack = []; stack.push(1);//[1] stack.push(2);//[1,2] stack.push(3);//[1,2,3] console.log('It was inserted 1,2,3 in stack:', ...stack); stack.pop(); //[1,2] console.log('Item 3 was removed:', ...stack); stack.pop(); //[1] console.log('Item 2 was removed:', ...stack); let queue = []; queue.push(1);//[1] queue.push(2);//[1,2] queue.push(3);//[1,2,3] console.log('It was inserted 1,2,3 in queue:', ...queue); queue.shift();// [2,3] console.log('Item 1 was removed:', ...queue); queue.shift();// [3] console.log('Item 2 was removed:', ...queue); 



Answer 20:

创建的一对规定,每一个这些数据结构的具有(压入,弹出,PEEK等)的各种方法的类。 现在实现的方法。 如果你熟悉背后堆栈/队列的概念,这应该是非常简单的。 您可以实现一个数组,并用链表队列栈,虽然一定会有别的途径去了解它。 JavaScript就使这个容易,因为它是弱类型,所以你甚至不必担心通用类型,你必须做,如果你是在Java或C#实现它。



Answer 21:

这里是我的书库的实现。

function Stack() {
this.dataStore = [];
this.top = 0;
this.push = push;
this.pop = pop;
this.peek = peek;
this.clear = clear;
this.length = length;
}
function push(element) {
this.dataStore[this.top++] = element;
}
function peek() {
return this.dataStore[this.top-1];
}
function pop() {
return this.dataStore[--this.top];
}
function clear() {
this.top = 0;
}
function length() {
return this.top;
}

var s = new Stack();
s.push("David");
s.push("Raymond");
s.push("Bryan");
console.log("length: " + s.length());
console.log(s.peek());


Answer 22:

在我看来,内置的阵列是罚款堆栈。 如果你想在打字稿队列这里是一个实现

/**
 * A Typescript implementation of a queue.
 */
export default class Queue {

  private queue = [];
  private offset = 0;

  constructor(array = []) {
    // Init the queue using the contents of the array
    for (const item of array) {
      this.enqueue(item);
    }
  }

  /**
   * @returns {number} the length of the queue.
   */
  public getLength(): number {
    return (this.queue.length - this.offset);
  }

  /**
   * @returns {boolean} true if the queue is empty, and false otherwise.
   */
  public isEmpty(): boolean {
    return (this.queue.length === 0);
  }

  /**
   * Enqueues the specified item.
   *
   * @param item - the item to enqueue
   */
  public enqueue(item) {
    this.queue.push(item);
  }

  /**
   *  Dequeues an item and returns it. If the queue is empty, the value
   * {@code null} is returned.
   *
   * @returns {any}
   */
  public dequeue(): any {
    // if the queue is empty, return immediately
    if (this.queue.length === 0) {
      return null;
    }

    // store the item at the front of the queue
    const item = this.queue[this.offset];

    // increment the offset and remove the free space if necessary
    if (++this.offset * 2 >= this.queue.length) {
      this.queue = this.queue.slice(this.offset);
      this.offset = 0;
    }

    // return the dequeued item
    return item;
  };

  /**
   * Returns the item at the front of the queue (without dequeuing it).
   * If the queue is empty then {@code null} is returned.
   *
   * @returns {any}
   */
  public peek(): any {
    return (this.queue.length > 0 ? this.queue[this.offset] : null);
  }

}

这里是一个Jest测试它

it('Queue', () => {
  const queue = new Queue();
  expect(queue.getLength()).toBe(0);
  expect(queue.peek()).toBeNull();
  expect(queue.dequeue()).toBeNull();

  queue.enqueue(1);
  expect(queue.getLength()).toBe(1);
  queue.enqueue(2);
  expect(queue.getLength()).toBe(2);
  queue.enqueue(3);
  expect(queue.getLength()).toBe(3);

  expect(queue.peek()).toBe(1);
  expect(queue.getLength()).toBe(3);
  expect(queue.dequeue()).toBe(1);
  expect(queue.getLength()).toBe(2);

  expect(queue.peek()).toBe(2);
  expect(queue.getLength()).toBe(2);
  expect(queue.dequeue()).toBe(2);
  expect(queue.getLength()).toBe(1);

  expect(queue.peek()).toBe(3);
  expect(queue.getLength()).toBe(1);
  expect(queue.dequeue()).toBe(3);
  expect(queue.getLength()).toBe(0);

  expect(queue.peek()).toBeNull();
  expect(queue.dequeue()).toBeNull();
});

希望有人认为这是有用的,

干杯,

斯图



Answer 23:

您可以使用WeakMaps在JavaScript语言像下面实现在ES6类和字符串化子性质和方法的私有财产的好处:

const _items = new WeakMap();

class Stack {
  constructor() {
    _items.set(this, []);
  }

push(obj) {
  _items.get(this).push(obj);
}

pop() {
  const L = _items.get(this).length;
  if(L===0)
    throw new Error('Stack is empty');
  return _items.get(this).pop();
}

peek() {
  const items = _items.get(this);
  if(items.length === 0)
    throw new Error ('Stack is empty');
  return items[items.length-1];
}

get count() {
  return _items.get(this).length;
}
}

const stack = new Stack();

//now in console:
//stack.push('a')
//stack.push(1)
//stack.count   => 2
//stack.peek()  => 1
//stack.pop()   => 1
//stack.pop()   => "a"
//stack.count   => 0
//stack.pop()   => Error Stack is empty


文章来源: How do you implement a Stack and a Queue in JavaScript?