WebAPI controller inheritance and attribute routin

问题:

I have few controllers that inherit from the same base class. Among the different actions that they don't share with each other, they do have a few that are completely identical. I would like to have these on my base class because they all work completely the same it's just that they're accessed through different routes.

How should I define these actions with several different routes?

My inherited classes also have a RoutePrefixAttribute set on them so each of them is pointing to a different route.

Example

I have base abstract class called Vehicle and then inherited Car, Bike, Bus etc. All of them would have common action Move()

/bus/move
/car/move
/bike/move

How can I define action Move() on my base class Vehicle so that it will be executed on each subclass route?

回答1:

Check the answer I gave here WebApi2 attribute routing inherited controllers, which references the answer from this post .NET WebAPI Attribute Routing and inheritance

What you need to do is overwrite the DefaultDirectRoutePrivider:

public class WebApiCustomDirectRouteProvider : DefaultDirectRouteProvider {
    protected override IReadOnlyList<IDirectRouteFactory>
        GetActionRouteFactories(HttpActionDescriptor actionDescriptor) {
        // inherit route attributes decorated on base class controller's actions
        return actionDescriptor.GetCustomAttributes<IDirectRouteFactory>(inherit: true);
    }
}

With that done you then need to configure it in your web api configuration

public static class WebApiConfig {
    public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config) {
        .....
        // Attribute routing. (with inheritance)
        config.MapHttpAttributeRoutes(new WebApiCustomDirectRouteProvider());
        ....
    }
}

You will then be able to do what you described like this

public abstract class VehicleControllerBase : ApiController {

    [Route("move")] //All inheriting classes will now have a `{controller}/move` route 
    public virtual HttpResponseMessage Move() {
        ...
    }
}

[RoutePrefix("car")] // will have a `car/move` route
public class CarController : VehicleControllerBase { 
    public virtual HttpResponseMessage CarSpecificAction() {
        ...
    }
}

[RoutePrefix("bike")] // will have a `bike/move` route
public class BikeController : VehicleControllerBase { 
    public virtual HttpResponseMessage BikeSpecificAction() {
        ...
    }
}

[RoutePrefix("bus")] // will have a `bus/move` route
public class BusController : VehicleControllerBase { 
    public virtual HttpResponseMessage BusSpecificAction() {
        ...
    }
}

回答2:

This is what I did and it worked the way you mentioned in your question.

I created base ApiController class and inherited all my API controllers from it. I defined Delete operation in my Base class (which returns string "Not Supported") and didn't define delete on any of my child controller. Now when I do a delete on any of my controller I get the message "Not Supported" i.e. Base class's delete is called. ( I am doing Delete request on Child, and not on base i.e. /Bike/move)

But if I define a Delete on any of the controller it gives me warning of Hiding base implementation, but on doing Delete request for api I get - "An error has occurred."

I haven't tried doing RoutePrefix way.