Is there a limit how many character can be send ov

问题:

I'm trying to send a string from server to client via UDP/SNMP. However, if I copy a string with length 86 to pdu packet->value_value everything works fine, I get the string on client side. If I add just one char more to the string, length is now 87, the packet can not deliver to the client. The packet size raise correctly. Is there a limit how many char can be send? My packet is smaller than 1500.

This code snippet shows how I copy the string to packet->value_value

value_value = "asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd asd as";
printf("String length: %d\n",strlen(value_value)); // 86 OK, 87or greater NOK
packet->value_length = strlen(value_value);
packet->value_value = malloc(packet->value_length);
strcpy(packet->value_value, value_value);

For some information, here a terminal output with some more informations about packet lengths

Output with string length 86

src/agent.c:69:parse_request(): Input length=43
src/agent.c:116:perform_snmp_request(): OID is: 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0
String length: 86
src/mibservice.c:90:snmpget(): packet->value_type=04
src/mibservice.c:91:snmpget(): packet->value_length=56
src/mibservice.c:93:snmpget(): packet->value_value=61
...
src/mibservice.c:93:snmpget(): packet->value_value=73
src/mibservice.c:95:snmpget(): Before packet->length=41
src/mibservice.c:97:snmpget(): After packet->length=127
src/mibservice.c:99:snmpget(): Before packet->pdu_length=28
src/mibservice.c:101:snmpget(): After packet->pdu_length=114
src/mibservice.c:103:snmpget(): Before packet->variablebindings_length=14
src/mibservice.c:105:snmpget(): After packet->variablebindings_length=100
src/mibservice.c:107:snmpget(): Before packet->varbind_length=12
src/mibservice.c:109:snmpget(): After packet->varbind_length=98
src/agent.c:96:create_response(): Output length=129

Output with string length 87

src/agent.c:69:parse_request(): Input length=43
src/agent.c:116:perform_snmp_request(): OID is: 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0
String length: 87
src/mibservice.c:90:snmpget(): packet->value_type=04
src/mibservice.c:91:snmpget(): packet->value_length=57
src/mibservice.c:93:snmpget(): packet->value_value=61
...
src/mibservice.c:93:snmpget(): packet->value_value=64
src/mibservice.c:95:snmpget(): Before packet->length=41
src/mibservice.c:97:snmpget(): After packet->length=128
src/mibservice.c:99:snmpget(): Before packet->pdu_length=28
src/mibservice.c:101:snmpget(): After packet->pdu_length=115
src/mibservice.c:103:snmpget(): Before packet->variablebindings_length=14
src/mibservice.c:105:snmpget(): After packet->variablebindings_length=101
src/mibservice.c:107:snmpget(): Before packet->varbind_length=12
src/mibservice.c:109:snmpget(): After packet->varbind_length=99
src/agent.c:96:create_response(): Output length=130

Update Here is a runnable example about my problem. Packet out_buf_0 represent a valid SNMP packet and can send via UDP. Packet out_buf_1 is the same packet like out_buf_0 with one character more at the end 0x64. Further, I raised all length + 1 because of the additional character. Why is out_buf_1 not a valid SNMP packet/why can it not send via UDP? Note: The SNMP request can not display in terminal because the request id from client is different from out_buf_0 and out_buf_1, take a look in wireshark to see the request/response.

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>

#define MESSAGE_MAX_LEN  1500 /* MTU, IEEE Std 802.3TM-2015 */
#define PORT 161 /* RFC 1157 */

int out_buf_0_len = 129; /* 0x7f + 2 */
char out_buf_0[] = {
0x30, /* SNMP Packet start */
0x7f, /* SNMP Packet length */
0x02, 0x01, 0x00, /* Version */
0x04, 0x06, 0x70, 0x75, 0x62, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x63, /* Community*/
0xa2, /* GetResponsePDU */
0x72, /* GetResponsePDU Length */
0x02, 0x04, 0x2c, 0x80, 0x7e, 0x2f, /* Request id */
0x02, 0x01, 0x00, /*Error status */
0x02, 0x01, 0x00, /*Error index */
0x30, /* Varbind list start */
0x64, /* Varbind list length*/
0x30, /* Varbind value start */
0x62, /* Varbind value length */
0x06, 0x08, 0x2b, 0x06, 0x01, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, /* OID */
0x04,  /* Value start, type octet-string*/
0x56, /* Value length */
0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, /* Value */
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73 };

int out_buf_1_len = 130; /* 0x80 + 2 */
char out_buf_1[] = {
0x30, /* SNMP Packet start */
0x80, /* SNMP Packet length */
0x02, 0x01, 0x00, /* Version */
0x04, 0x06, 0x70, 0x75, 0x62, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x63, /* Community*/
0xa2, /* GetResponsePDU */
0x73, /* GetResponsePDU Length */
0x02, 0x04, 0x2c, 0x80, 0x7e, 0x2f, /* Request id */
0x02, 0x01, 0x00, /*Error status */
0x02, 0x01, 0x00, /*Error index */
0x30, /* Varbind list start */
0x65, /* Varbind list length*/
0x30, /* Varbind value start */
0x63, /* Varbind value length */
0x06, 0x08, 0x2b, 0x06, 0x01, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, /* OID */
0x04,  /* Value start, type octet-string*/
0x57, /* Value length */
0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, /* Value */
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64 };

int my_socket;
struct sockaddr_in remote_addr;
int socket_create()
{
    printf("Create socket\n");
    struct sockaddr_in socket_addr;
    if ((my_socket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, 0)) < 0)
    {
        printf("Cannot create socket. Exit.\n");
        return -1;
    }
    memset((char *)&socket_addr, 0, sizeof(socket_addr));
    socket_addr.sin_family = AF_INET;
    socket_addr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
    socket_addr.sin_port = htons(PORT);
    if (bind(my_socket, (struct sockaddr *)&socket_addr, sizeof(socket_addr)) < 0)
    {
        printf("Bind failed. Exit.\n");
        return - 1;
    }
    printf("Listen on: %s:%d\n", inet_ntoa(socket_addr.sin_addr), PORT);
    return 0;
}

socklen_t addr_len = sizeof(remote_addr);
void socket_listen(char *in_buf)
{
    int  recv_len; /* Bytes received */
    int  nbyt; /* Bytes count */
    char *out_buf[MESSAGE_MAX_LEN];
    int  out_len = 0;

    for (;;) { /* Receive snmp message from snmp manager */
        recv_len = recvfrom(my_socket, in_buf, MESSAGE_MAX_LEN, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&remote_addr, &addr_len);
        if (recv_len > 0)
            if (sendto(my_socket, out_buf_1, out_buf_1_len, 0, (struct sockaddr *)&remote_addr, addr_len) < 0)
                printf("Cannot send data to destination.\n");
    }
}

/* Disable SNMP on local machine. # systemctl stop snmpd 
 * Execute main(): gcc <filename>.c && ./a.out
 * Run SNMP Request: $ snmpget -v 1 -c public 0.0.0.0:161 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0
 */
char in_buf[MESSAGE_MAX_LEN];
int main(int argc, char **argv)
{
    if (socket_create() == -1)
        exit(2);
    socket_listen(in_buf);
}

The whole frame length including my SNMPv1 packet out_buf_0 is 1368 bits, out_buf_1 should 1376 bits.

回答1:

As someone pointer out in the comments, strcpy is evil and should never be used for anything. Your malloc actually allocated an array smaller than your original array because you did not take into account the trailing null. when you used strcpy you wrote past the end of the allocated array with the trailing null.

Since you didn't include code related to packet structure I don't know how it is being used but if any code after this expects C null terminated strings it probable won't work as expected.

回答2:

The SNMP packet length 0x80 is wrong, see here

The ASN.1 length field of 0x80 is wrong. The decoder sees the first two octets of your packet are 0x30 0x80 and determines from that 0x80 that there should be no more octets following. And yet there are more octets, so it is an invalid encoding and further not a valid SNMP message. The 0x80 here does not mean 128 octets for content as you intend, it means your length field is 0x80 & ~0x80 == 0 octets long following this octet. Instead, 0x81 would mean your length field is 0x81 & ~0x80 == 1 following octets, and that following 0x80 octet would indicate a content length of 128.

Thats how the SNMP packet should look like,

char out_buf_1[] = {
0x30, /* SNMP Packet start */
0x81, 0x80, /* SNMP Packet length */
0x02, 0x01, 0x00, /* Version */
0x04, 0x06, 0x70, 0x75, 0x62, 0x6c, 0x69, 0x63, /* Community*/
0xa2, /* GetResponsePDU */
0x73, /* GetResponsePDU Length */
0x02, 0x04, 0x2c, 0x80, 0x7e, 0x2f, /* Request id */
0x02, 0x01, 0x00, /*Error status */
0x02, 0x01, 0x00, /*Error index */
0x30, /* Varbind list start */
0x65, /* Varbind list length*/
0x30, /* Varbind value start */
0x63, /* Varbind value length */
0x06, 0x08, 0x2b, 0x06, 0x01, 0x02, 0x01, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, /* OID */
0x04,  /* Value start, type octet-string*/
0x57, /* Value length */
0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, /* Value */
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61, 0x73, 0x64, 0x20, 0x61,
0x73, 0x64 };