Search for a string or part of string in PHP

问题:

I am doing a very small online store application in PHP. So I have an array of maps in PHP. I want to search for a string (a product) in the array. I looked at array_search in PHP and it seems that it only looks for exact match. Do you guys know a better way to do this functionality? Since this is a very small part of what I am actually doing, I was hoping that there was something built in. Any ideas?

Thanks!

EDIT: The array contains "products" in this format:

[6] => SimpleXMLElement Object
    (
        [@attributes] => Array
            (
                [id] => 2000-YM
            )

        [Name] => Team Swim School T-Shirt
        [size] => YM
        [price] => 15
        [group] => Team Clothing
        [id] => 2000-YM
    )

[7] => SimpleXMLElement Object
    (
        [@attributes] => Array
            (
                [id] => 3000-YS
            )

        [Name] => Youth Track Jacket
        [size] => YS
        [price] => 55
        [group] => Team Clothing
        [id] => 3000-YS
    )

So I was wondering I can do a search such as "Team" and it would return me first item seen here. I am basing the search on the Name (again this is just something small). I understand that I can find the exact string, I am just stuck on the "best results" if it cannot find the exact item. Efficiency is nice but not required since I only have about 50 items so even if I use a "slow" algorithm it won't take much time.

回答1:

array_filter lets you specify a custom function to do the searching. In your case, a simple function that uses strpos() to check if your search string is present:

function my_search($haystack) {
    $needle = 'value to search for';
    return(strpos($haystack, $needle)); // or stripos() if you want case-insensitive searching.
}

$matches = array_filter($your_array, 'my_search');

Alternatively, you could use an anonymous function to help prevent namespace contamination:

$matches = array_filter($your_array, function ($haystack) use ($needle) {
    return(strpos($haystack, $needle));
});

回答2:

foreach($array as $item){
  if(strpos($item,"mysearchword")!== false){
    echo 'found';
  }
}

or you can use preg_match for more flexible search instead of strpos.

回答3:

Unfortunately, search is one of the more difficult things to do in computer science. If you build for search based on literal string matches or regular expressions (regex), you may find that you'll be unhappy with the relevance of the results that are returned.

If you're interested in rolling up your sleeves and getting a little dirty with a more sophisticated solution, I'd try Zend's Lucene implementation ( http://framework.zend.com/manual/en/zend.search.lucene.html ). I've implemented a search on a site with it. It took a few days, but the results were MUCH better than the 15 minute solution of literal string matching.

Let me know if you'd like more info.

Best of luck!

PS. Here's an example: http://devzone.zend.com/article/91

回答4:

I think Marc B's answer was a good starting point but for me it had some problems. Such as you have to know what the Needle is at "compile time" because you can't dynamically change that value. also if the needle appeared at the start of the string element it would act like it's not there at all. so after a little experimenting I manged to come up with a way around both problems. so you don't have to create a new function for every different needle your going to want to use anymore.

function my_search($haystack)
{
    global $needle;
    if( strpos($haystack, $needle) === false) {return false;} else {return true;}
}

and it would be called like this:

$needle="item to search for";
$matches = array_filter($my_array, 'my_search');

and being as needle is now accessible in the same scope that the rest of the code is you can set needle to any other string variable you wanted, including user input.

回答5:

You can user regular expressions on each and every array element like

foreach($array as $value)
{
    //... your search statement for $value
}

回答6:

iterate through the array and use substr if you want partial matches:

http://php.net/manual/en/function.substr.php

this should be sufficient if you have a "small" store...

回答7:

I have same Issue but i have created i function to search in array by passing the array, key and value.

public function searchinarr($array, $key, $value)
{
       $results = array();
            for($i=0;$i<count($array);$i++)
            {
                foreach($array[$i] as $k=>$val)
                {
                    if($k==$key)
                    {
                        if(strpos($val,$value)!== false)
                        {
                            $results[] = $array[$i];
                        }
                    }
                }

            }
            return $results;
}