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提取点由栅格在GDAL(Extract Point From Raster in GDAL)

2019-08-02 21:38发布

我有一个光栅文件和WGS84纬度/经度点。

我想知道在什么光栅值与点对应。

我的感觉是,我应该使用GetSpatialRef()栅格对象,或者其的乐队之一,然后应用ogr.osr.CoordinateTransformation()以点到其映射到栅格的空间。

然后我的希望是,我可以简单地问了栅格带什么是在这一点上。

然而,栅格对象似乎不具有GetSpatialRef()或访问地理定位的点的方式,所以我在如何做到这一点损失是有点。

有什么想法吗?

Answer 1:

说我有一个文件的GeoTIFF test.tif。 然后跟随着代码应查找值某处象素附近。 我不是为部分仰视细胞,有信心,并会解决存在误差。 此页面应该帮助, “GDAL数据模型”

此外,您还可以去gis.stackexchange.com找专家,如果你还没有。

import gdal, osr

class looker(object):
    """let you look up pixel value"""

    def __init__(self, tifname='test.tif'):
       """Give name of tif file (or other raster data?)"""

        # open the raster and its spatial reference
        self.ds = gdal.Open(tifname)
        srRaster = osr.SpatialReference(self.ds.GetProjection())

        # get the WGS84 spatial reference
        srPoint = osr.SpatialReference()
        srPoint.ImportFromEPSG(4326) # WGS84

        # coordinate transformation
        self.ct = osr.CoordinateTransformation(srPoint, srRaster)

        # geotranformation and its inverse
        gt = self.ds.GetGeoTransform()
        dev = (gt[1]*gt[5] - gt[2]*gt[4])
        gtinv = ( gt[0] , gt[5]/dev, -gt[2]/dev, 
                gt[3], -gt[4]/dev, gt[1]/dev)
        self.gt = gt
        self.gtinv = gtinv

        # band as array
        b = self.ds.GetRasterBand(1)
        self.arr = b.ReadAsArray()

    def lookup(self, lon, lat):
        """look up value at lon, lat"""

        # get coordinate of the raster
        xgeo,ygeo,zgeo = self.ct.TransformPoint(lon, lat, 0)

        # convert it to pixel/line on band
        u = xgeo - self.gtinv[0]
        v = ygeo - self.gtinv[3]
        # FIXME this int() is probably bad idea, there should be 
        # half cell size thing needed
        xpix =  int(self.gtinv[1] * u + self.gtinv[2] * v)
        ylin = int(self.gtinv[4] * u + self.gtinv[5] * v)

        # look the value up
        return self.arr[ylin,xpix]

# test
l = looker('test.tif')
lon,lat = -100,30
print l.lookup(lon,lat)

lat,lon =28.816944, -96.993333
print l.lookup(lon,lat)


Answer 2:

是的,API是不相符的。 光栅(数据源)具有GetProjection()方法,而不是(返回WKT)。

这里是一个函数,你想要做(从画什么这里 ):

def extract_point_from_raster(point, data_source, band_number=1):
    """Return floating-point value that corresponds to given point."""

    # Convert point co-ordinates so that they are in same projection as raster
    point_sr = point.GetSpatialReference()
    raster_sr = osr.SpatialReference()
    raster_sr.ImportFromWkt(data_source.GetProjection())
    transform = osr.CoordinateTransformation(point_sr, raster_sr)
    point.Transform(transform)

    # Convert geographic co-ordinates to pixel co-ordinates
    x, y = point.GetX(), point.GetY()
    forward_transform = Affine.from_gdal(*data_source.GetGeoTransform())
    reverse_transform = ~forward_transform
    px, py = reverse_transform * (x, y)
    px, py = int(px + 0.5), int(py + 0.5)

    # Extract pixel value
    band = data_source.GetRasterBand(band_number)
    structval = band.ReadRaster(px, py, 1, 1, buf_type=gdal.GDT_Float32)
    result = struct.unpack('f', structval)[0]
    if result == band.GetNoDataValue():
        result = float('nan')
    return result

它的文档如下(从绘制这里 ):

spatial.extract_point_from_raster(point, data_source, band_number=1)

DATA_SOURCE是GDAL光栅,和点是OGR点对象。 该函数返回DATA_SOURCE的指定频带的最接近点的像素的值。

点和DATA_SOURCE不必是相同的参考系统,但它们必须具有适当的空间参考定义。

如果该点不在光栅下降,RuntimeError提高。



Answer 3:

project = self.ds.GetProjection()
srPoint = osr.SpatialReference(wkt=project)

做......就这样,矢量文件已经通过从输入光栅文件投影



文章来源: Extract Point From Raster in GDAL
标签: python gdal ogr