After installing Alfresco Community Edition (4.2.c) in my office machine, I get
"The remote server may be unavailable or your authentication details have not been recognized."
But it installed properly and can log into in my personal laptop. I want to know why I am getting this error.
You should first check if the repository part is up and running by logging to
http://localhost:8082/alfresco
If this doesn't work (as you said? What happens?) you should check alfresco.log and maybe catalina.out for obvious errors. Maybe use tcpview from Sysinternals to check if the ports are not claimed by other programs (Skype e.g. has the annoying behaviour to grab port 8080).
If this is fixed, you should be able to login to /share also (unless you forgot to adjust the ports for the endpoints in share-config-custom.xml...)