我在看下面的代码演示嵌套哈希:
my %HoH = (
flintstones => {
husband => "fred",
pal => "barney",
},
jetsons => {
husband => "george",
wife => "jane",
"his boy" => "elroy", # Key quotes needed.
},
simpsons => {
husband => "homer",
wife => "marge",
kid => "bart",
},
);
为什么是它的最上面的散列(起始第1行),使用括号被初始化,而子散列用大括号初始化?
从蟒蛇背景的我必须说,Perl是一种很奇怪的:)。
从一个Perl背景的我找到perl很奇怪了。
使用括号来初始化散列(或阵列)。 散列是一组字符串和一组标量的值之间的映射。
%foo = ( "key1", "value1", "key2", "value2", ... ); # % means hash
%foo = ( key1 => "value1", key2 => "value2", ... ); # same thing
括号用于定义一个散列引用 。 所有引用标量值。
$foo = { key1 => "value1", key2 => "value2", ... }; # $ means scalar
哈希是不是标量值。 由于散列值必须是标量,它因此是不可能使用一个散列作为另一散列的值。
%bar = ( key3 => %foo ); # doesn't mean what you think it means
但是,我们可以使用哈希引用作为另一个哈希值,因为哈希引用是标量。
$foo = { key1 => "value1", key2 => "value2" };
%bar = ( key3 => $foo );
%baz = ( key4 => { key5 => "value5", key6 => "value6" } );
这就是为什么你看到周围列表用大括号列表括号。
本质的区别(....)用于创建一个哈希值。 {....}被用于创建哈希参考
my %hash = ( a => 1 , b => 2 ) ;
my $hash_ref = { a => 1 , b => 2 } ;
在一些详细信息- {....}使得一个匿名的哈希并将其至极的asigned标量返回引用$hash_ref
编辑,以得到更详细一点
首先,括号做什么,但变化的优先位置。 他们从来没有无关列表的创建,创建哈希或哈希初始化。
例如,下面的两行是等价的100%:
{ a => 1, b => 2 }
{ ( a => 1, b => 2 ) }
例如,下面的两行是等价的100%:
sub f { return ( a => 1, b => 2 ) } my %hash = f();
sub f { return a => 1, b => 2 } my %hash = f();
第二,一个不使用初始化散列{ }
; 创建一个使用它的哈希值。 { }
相当于my %hash;
,除了哈希是匿名的。 换一种说法,
{ LIST }
是基本相同
do { my %anon = LIST; \%anon }
(但不创建一个词法范围)。
匿名哈希可以写出
my %HoH = (
flintstones => {
husband => "fred",
pal => "barney",
},
jetsons => {
husband => "george",
wife => "jane",
"his boy" => "elroy",
},
simpsons => {
husband => "homer",
wife => "marge",
kid => "bart",
},
);
代替
my %flintstones = (
husband => "fred",
pal => "barney",
);
my %jetsons = (
husband => "george",
wife => "jane",
"his boy" => "elroy",
);
my %simpsons = (
husband => "homer",
wife => "marge",
kid => "bart",
);
my %HoH = (
flintstones => \%flinstones,
jetsons => \%jetsons,
simpsons => \%simpsons,
);
文章来源: Why are some hashes initialized using curly braces, and some with parentheses?