Compare two files in bash

问题:

I have two files tmp1.txt and tmp2.txt tmp1.txt has

aaa.txt
bbb.txt
ccc.txt
ddd.txt

tmp2.txt has

/tmp/test1/aaa.txt
/tmp/test1/aac.txt
/tmp/test2/bbb.txt
/tmp/test1/ccc.txt

I want to check if the files in tmp1.txt exists in tmp2.txt and if it exists display which one it has so it displays something similar to this

aaa.txt: test1
bbb.txt: test2
ccc.txt: test1

Thanks

回答1:

Using awk:

awk -F/ 'FNR==NR {a[$1];next} $NF in a {print $NF ": " $(NF-1)}' tmp1.txt tmp2.txt
aaa.txt: test1
bbb.txt: test2
ccc.txt: test1

回答2:

I would like to propose a solution using the standard tools diff and basename:

while read filename
do
    basename "$filename"
done < tmp2.txt > tmp2.basenames.txt
diff -u tmp1.txt tmp2.basenames.txt

The main advantage of this solution is its simplicity. The output will look a little different though, differentiating between files in tmp1.txt(-), tmp2.txt(+), or both ():

--- tmp1.txt    2014-09-17 17:09:43.000000000 +0200
+++ tmp2.basenames.txt  2014-09-17 17:13:12.000000000 +0200
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 aaa.txt
+aac.txt
 bbb.txt
 ccc.txt
-ddd.txt

回答3:

Bash Solution:

#!/bin/bash
while read file && a=$(grep -Fw "$file" tmp2.txt)
do
   echo "$(basename $a): $(dirname $a)"
done < tmp1.txt

回答4:

If you don't want to use awk, there's a little bash cycle:

while read f; do
  isFound="$(grep /$f tmp2.txt 2>/dev/null)"
  if [ ! -z "$isFound" ]; then
    theDir=$(echo "$isFound"|cut -d'/' -f3)
    echo "$f: $theDir"
  fi
done <tmp1.txt