让Oracle变换或连接谓词到UNION ALL操作(Let Oracle transform OR

2019-07-29 07:41发布

UNIONUNION ALL查询可以超越使用的等效查询OR在某些情况下-连接谓词。 据我所知,这部分是因为UNION子查询可以并行执行,因此,他们可以有自己的“子计划”具体到每一部分OR -连接谓词,这可能是更为优化,由于简单适用的查询转换。

但写作OR -连接谓词通常是更加易读和简洁的,即使子查询分解被应用于UNION ALL解决方案。 我的问题是:有没有一种方法来指示甲骨文,一个单一的,昂贵的OR -连通谓语应该转变成一个UNION ALL操作? 如果有这样的提示/方法,在什么可以把它应用情况下(如做任何限制必须存在于参与谓词列等)? 一个例子:

CREATE TABLE a AS
  SELECT 1 x, 2 y FROM DUAL UNION ALL
  SELECT 2 x, 1 y FROM DUAL;

-- This query...
SELECT * FROM a
WHERE x = 1 OR y = 1

-- Is sometimes outperformed by this one, for more complex table sources...
-- Note: in my case, I can safely apply UNION ALL. I know the two predicates to
-- be mutually exclusive.
SELECT * FROM a
WHERE x = 1
UNION ALL
SELECT * FROM a
WHERE y = 1

请注意,我知道了的/*+ USE_CONCAT */提示:

SELECT /*+ USE_CONCAT */ * FROM a
WHERE x = 1 OR y = 1

但它似乎并没有产生什么,我需要(没有强制UNION ALL执行计划操作):

-------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation         | Name | E-Rows |
-------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT  |      |        |
|*  1 |  TABLE ACCESS FULL| A    |      2 |
-------------------------------------------

也许,有一些限制这个提示? 我有可用于该Oracle 11g2。

Answer 1:

我相信,这可能是与现有您在使用列的索引OR谓词。

我测试使用11gR2的下面。

create table scott.test as 
select level l, 
       decode(mod(level,2), 1, 1, 2) x, 
       decode(mod(level,2), 1, 2, 1) y, 
       dbms_random.value(1, 3) z from dual 
connect by level < 1000;
/

begin
   dbms_stats.gather_table_stats('scott', 'test');
end;
/

然后我蟾蜍解释以下查询,( EXPLAIN PLAN FOR

select x, y, z from scott.test
    where (floor(z) = 1 and x = 1) or (floor(z) = 2 and y = 1)
    ;

SELECT STATEMENT Optimizer Mode=ALL_ROWS        10          4                                
  TABLE ACCESS FULL COS_DM.TEST 10      280     4   

select /*+ USE_CONCAT */ x, y, z from scott.test
where (floor(z) = 1 and x = 1) or (floor(z) = 2 and y = 1)
;

SELECT STATEMENT Optimizer Mode=ALL_ROWS        10          4                                
  TABLE ACCESS FULL COS_DM.TEST 10      280     4                                


select x, y, z from test where (floor(z) = 1 and x = 1)
union all
select x, y, z from test where (floor(z) = 2 and y = 1)
;

SELECT STATEMENT Optimizer Mode=ALL_ROWS        10          8                                
  UNION-ALL                                              
    TABLE ACCESS FULL   COS_DM.TEST 5   140     4                                
    TABLE ACCESS FULL   COS_DM.TEST 5   140     4                                

所以会出现提示不工作。 然后我添加了一个索引到X和Y列:

create index test_x on test (x, y);

begin
   dbms_stats.gather_table_stats('scott', 'test');
end;
/

现在重新运行查询:

select x, y, z from scott.test
    where (floor(z) = 1 and x = 1) or (floor(z) = 2 and y = 1)
    ;

SELECT STATEMENT Optimizer Mode=ALL_ROWS        10          4                                
  TABLE ACCESS FULL COS_DM.TEST 10      280     4   

select /*+ USE_CONCAT */ x, y, z from scott.test
where (floor(z) = 1 and x = 1) or (floor(z) = 2 and y = 1)
;

SELECT STATEMENT Optimizer Mode=ALL_ROWS        10          8                                
  CONCATENATION                                              
    TABLE ACCESS FULL   COS_DM.TEST 5   140     4                                
    TABLE ACCESS FULL   COS_DM.TEST 5   140     4                                

select x, y, z from test where (floor(z) = 1 and x = 1)
union all
select x, y, z from test where (floor(z) = 2 and y = 1)
;

SELECT STATEMENT Optimizer Mode=ALL_ROWS        10          8                                
  UNION-ALL                                              
    TABLE ACCESS FULL   COS_DM.TEST 5   140     4                                
    TABLE ACCESS FULL   COS_DM.TEST 5   140     4                                

看来,添加索引(即使不是正在使用 )后的优化决定毕竟使用的提示!

也许你可以试试这个?



Answer 2:

在某些情况下,优化忽略提示,你必须写在不同的方式查询。 另一种方法重写使用UNION ALL所有查询,可以只改写条款:

SELECT * FROM a /* ... you can put here more joins with many tables ... */
WHERE a.rowid in (
    select innerQry.rowid from a innerQry where /*your first clause of OR*/innerQry.x = 1
    union all
    select innerQry.rowid from a innerQry where /*your second clause of OR*/innerQry.y = 1
)


文章来源: Let Oracle transform OR-connected predicates into UNION ALL operations