Airflow + Cluster + Celery + SQS - Airflow Worker:

I'm trying to cluster my Airflow setup and I'm using this article to do so. I just configured my airflow.cfg file to use the CeleryExecutor, I pointed my sql_alchemy_conn to my postgresql database that's running on the same master node, I've set the broker_url to use AWS SQS (I didn't set the access_key_id or secret_key since it's running on an EC2-Instance it doesn't need those), and I've set the celery_result_backend to my postgresql server too. I saved my new airflow.cfg changes, I ran airflow initdb, and then I ran airflow scheduler which worked.

I went to the UI and turned on one of my testing DAGs and it went into the queued gray status,

In order to test my setup more easily I'm just doing everything on one server for now and once I get that server working I'm going to add the other nodes to the cluster. So I went to start an airflow worker using airflow worker and I got an error saying I didn't have pycurl installed. So I install pycurl using,

sudo yum install libcurl-devel
export PYCURL_SSL_LIBRARY=openssl
       note: other options include [nss|openssl|ssl|gnutls]
sudo pip-3.6 install pycurl
sudo yum install -y openssl-devel

I then reran the command airflow worker and I'm getting this error,

[ec2-user@ip-10-185-150-32 ~]$ airflow worker
[2018-06-08 15:36:28,653] {configuration.py:206} WARNING - section/key [celery/celery_ssl_active] not found in config
[2018-06-08 15:36:28,653] {default_celery.py:41} WARNING - Celery Executor will run without SSL
[2018-06-08 15:36:28,654] {__init__.py:45} INFO - Using executor CeleryExecutor

 -------------- celery@ip-10-185-150-32 v4.1.1 (latentcall)
---- **** -----
--- * ***  * -- Linux-4.9.76-3.78.amzn1.x86_64-x86_64-with-glibc2.3.4 2018-06-08 15:36:28
-- * - **** ---
- ** ---------- [config]
- ** ---------- .> app:         airflow.executors.celery_executor:0x7f1d528c39b0
- ** ---------- .> transport:   sqs://localhost//
- ** ---------- .> results:     postgresql://postgres:**@localhost/datalake_airflow_cluster_v1_master1_database_1
- *** --- * --- .> concurrency: 16 (prefork)
-- ******* ---- .> task events: OFF (enable -E to monitor tasks in this worker)
--- ***** -----
 -------------- [queues]
                .> default          exchange=default(direct) key=default


[2018-06-08 15:36:29,650] {configuration.py:206} WARNING - section/key [celery/celery_ssl_active] not found in config
[2018-06-08 15:36:29,650] {default_celery.py:41} WARNING - Celery Executor will run without SSL
[2018-06-08 15:36:29,651] {__init__.py:45} INFO - Using executor CeleryExecutor
Starting flask
[2018-06-08 15:36:29,774] {_internal.py:88} INFO -  * Running on http://0.0.0.0:8793/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)
[2018-06-08 15:36:29,864: CRITICAL/MainProcess] Unrecoverable error: ImportError('The curl client requires the pycurl library.',)
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/kombu/asynchronous/http/__init__.py", line 20, in get_client
    return hub._current_http_client
AttributeError: 'Hub' object has no attribute '_current_http_client'

During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/celery/worker/worker.py", line 205, in start
    self.blueprint.start(self)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/celery/bootsteps.py", line 119, in start
    step.start(parent)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/celery/bootsteps.py", line 370, in start
    return self.obj.start()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/celery/worker/consumer/consumer.py", line 316, in start
    blueprint.start(self)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/celery/bootsteps.py", line 119, in start
    step.start(parent)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/celery/worker/consumer/consumer.py", line 592, in start
    c.loop(*c.loop_args())
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/celery/worker/loops.py", line 91, in asynloop
    next(loop)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/kombu/asynchronous/hub.py", line 291, in create_loop
    item()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/vine/promises.py", line 143, in __call__
    return self.throw()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/vine/promises.py", line 140, in __call__
    retval = fun(*final_args, **final_kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/kombu/transport/SQS.py", line 316, in _schedule_queue
    queue, callback=promise(self._loop1, (queue,)),
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/kombu/transport/SQS.py", line 332, in _get_bulk_async
    return self._get_async(queue, maxcount, callback=callback)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/kombu/transport/SQS.py", line 342, in _get_async
    qname, count=count, connection=self.asynsqs,
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/kombu/transport/SQS.py", line 436, in asynsqs
    region=self.region
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/kombu/asynchronous/aws/sqs/connection.py", line 27, in __init__
    **kwargs
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/kombu/asynchronous/aws/connection.py", line 178, in __init__
    **http_client_params)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/kombu/asynchronous/aws/connection.py", line 151, in __init__
    self._httpclient = http_client or get_client()
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/kombu/asynchronous/http/__init__.py", line 22, in get_client
    client = hub._current_http_client = Client(hub, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/kombu/asynchronous/http/__init__.py", line 13, in Client
    return CurlClient(hub, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/local/lib/python3.6/site-packages/kombu/asynchronous/http/curl.py", line 43, in __init__
    raise ImportError('The curl client requires the pycurl library.')
ImportError: The curl client requires the pycurl library.

One thing that I'm wondering is if I have to specify an AWS SQS queue name somewhere? I have not done any configuration where I tell Airflow/Celery what queue to use in SQS. Does it automatically create the queue? If so there is no queue that's been created from what I see on the AWS Management Console so I'm wondering if this is the issue. Do I have to create an SQS queue and then put that in a configuration file somewhere?

Here is my Airflow.cfg file,

[core]
# The home folder for airflow, default is ~/airflow
airflow_home = /home/ec2-user/airflow

# The folder where your airflow pipelines live, most likely a
# subfolder in a code repository
# This path must be absolute
dags_folder = /home/ec2-user/airflow/dags

# The folder where airflow should store its log files
# This path must be absolute
base_log_folder = /home/ec2-user/airflow/logs

# Airflow can store logs remotely in AWS S3 or Google Cloud Storage. Users
# must supply an Airflow connection id that provides access to the storage
# location.
remote_log_conn_id =
encrypt_s3_logs = False

# Logging level
logging_level = INFO

# Logging class
# Specify the class that will specify the logging configuration
# This class has to be on the python classpath
# logging_config_class = my.path.default_local_settings.LOGGING_CONFIG
logging_config_class =

# Log format
log_format = [%%(asctime)s] {%%(filename)s:%%(lineno)d} %%(levelname)s - %%(message)s
simple_log_format = %%(asctime)s %%(levelname)s - %%(message)s

# The executor class that airflow should use. Choices include
# SequentialExecutor, LocalExecutor, CeleryExecutor, DaskExecutor
#executor = SequentialExecutor
executor = CeleryExecutor

# The SqlAlchemy connection string to the metadata database.
# SqlAlchemy supports many different database engine, more information
# their website
#sql_alchemy_conn = sqlite:////home/ec2-user/airflow/airflow.db
sql_alchemy_conn = postgresql+psycopg2://postgres:$password@localhost/datalake_airflow_cluster_v1_master1_database_1

# The SqlAlchemy pool size is the maximum number of database connections
# in the pool.
sql_alchemy_pool_size = 5

# The SqlAlchemy pool recycle is the number of seconds a connection
# can be idle in the pool before it is invalidated. This config does
# not apply to sqlite.
sql_alchemy_pool_recycle = 3600

# The amount of parallelism as a setting to the executor. This defines
# the max number of task instances that should run simultaneously
# on this airflow installation
parallelism = 32

# The number of task instances allowed to run concurrently by the scheduler
dag_concurrency = 16

# Are DAGs paused by default at creation
dags_are_paused_at_creation = True

# When not using pools, tasks are run in the "default pool",
# whose size is guided by this config element
non_pooled_task_slot_count = 128

# The maximum number of active DAG runs per DAG
max_active_runs_per_dag = 16

# Whether to load the examples that ship with Airflow. It's good to
# get started, but you probably want to set this to False in a production
# environment
load_examples = True

# Where your Airflow plugins are stored
plugins_folder = /home/ec2-user/airflow/plugins

# Secret key to save connection passwords in the db
fernet_key = ibwZ5uSASmZGphBmwdJ4BIhd1-5WZXMTTgMF9u1_dGM=

# Whether to disable pickling dags
donot_pickle = False

# How long before timing out a python file import while filling the DagBag
dagbag_import_timeout = 30

# The class to use for running task instances in a subprocess
task_runner = BashTaskRunner

# If set, tasks without a `run_as_user` argument will be run with this user
# Can be used to de-elevate a sudo user running Airflow when executing tasks
default_impersonation =

# What security module to use (for example kerberos):
security =

# Turn unit test mode on (overwrites many configuration options with test
# values at runtime)
unit_test_mode = False

# Name of handler to read task instance logs.
# Default to use file task handler.
task_log_reader = file.task

# Whether to enable pickling for xcom (note that this is insecure and allows for
# RCE exploits). This will be deprecated in Airflow 2.0 (be forced to False).
enable_xcom_pickling = True

# When a task is killed forcefully, this is the amount of time in seconds that
# it has to cleanup after it is sent a SIGTERM, before it is SIGKILLED
killed_task_cleanup_time = 60

[cli]
# In what way should the cli access the API. The LocalClient will use the
# database directly, while the json_client will use the api running on the
# webserver
api_client = airflow.api.client.local_client
endpoint_url = http://localhost:8080

[api]
# How to authenticate users of the API
auth_backend = airflow.api.auth.backend.default

[operators]
# The default owner assigned to each new operator, unless
# provided explicitly or passed via `default_args`
default_owner = Airflow
default_cpus = 1
default_ram = 512
default_disk = 512
default_gpus = 0


[webserver]
# The base url of your website as airflow cannot guess what domain or
# cname you are using. This is used in automated emails that
# airflow sends to point links to the right web server
base_url = http://localhost:8080

# The ip specified when starting the web server
web_server_host = 0.0.0.0

# The port on which to run the web server
web_server_port = 8080

# Paths to the SSL certificate and key for the web server. When both are
# provided SSL will be enabled. This does not change the web server port.
web_server_ssl_cert =
web_server_ssl_key =

# Number of seconds the gunicorn webserver waits before timing out on a worker
web_server_worker_timeout = 120

# Number of workers to refresh at a time. When set to 0, worker refresh is
# disabled. When nonzero, airflow periodically refreshes webserver workers by
# bringing up new ones and killing old ones.
worker_refresh_batch_size = 1

# Number of seconds to wait before refreshing a batch of workers.
worker_refresh_interval = 30

# Secret key used to run your flask app
secret_key = temporary_key

# Number of workers to run the Gunicorn web server
workers = 4

# The worker class gunicorn should use. Choices include
# sync (default), eventlet, gevent
worker_class = sync

# Log files for the gunicorn webserver. '-' means log to stderr.
access_logfile = -
error_logfile = -

# Expose the configuration file in the web server
expose_config = False

# Set to true to turn on authentication:
# http://pythonhosted.org/airflow/security.html#web-authentication
authenticate = False

# Filter the list of dags by owner name (requires authentication to be enabled)
filter_by_owner = False

# Filtering mode. Choices include user (default) and ldapgroup.
# Ldap group filtering requires using the ldap backend
#
# Note that the ldap server needs the "memberOf" overlay to be set up
# in order to user the ldapgroup mode.
owner_mode = user

# Default DAG view.  Valid values are:
# tree, graph, duration, gantt, landing_times
dag_default_view = tree

# Default DAG orientation. Valid values are:
# LR (Left->Right), TB (Top->Bottom), RL (Right->Left), BT (Bottom->Top)
dag_orientation = LR

# Puts the webserver in demonstration mode; blurs the names of Operators for
# privacy.
demo_mode = False

# The amount of time (in secs) webserver will wait for initial handshake
# while fetching logs from other worker machine
log_fetch_timeout_sec = 5

# By default, the webserver shows paused DAGs. Flip this to hide paused
# DAGs by default
hide_paused_dags_by_default = False

# Consistent page size across all listing views in the UI
page_size = 100

[email]
email_backend = airflow.utils.email.send_email_smtp


[smtp]
# If you want airflow to send emails on retries, failure, and you want to use
# the airflow.utils.email.send_email_smtp function, you have to configure an
# smtp server here
smtp_host = localhost
smtp_starttls = True
smtp_ssl = False
# Uncomment and set the user/pass settings if you want to use SMTP AUTH
# smtp_user = airflow
# smtp_password = airflow
smtp_port = 25
smtp_mail_from = airflow@example.com


[celery]
# This section only applies if you are using the CeleryExecutor in
# [core] section above

# The app name that will be used by celery
celery_app_name = airflow.executors.celery_executor

# The concurrency that will be used when starting workers with the
# "airflow worker" command. This defines the number of task instances that
# a worker will take, so size up your workers based on the resources on
# your worker box and the nature of your tasks
celeryd_concurrency = 16

# When you start an airflow worker, airflow starts a tiny web server
# subprocess to serve the workers local log files to the airflow main
# web server, who then builds pages and sends them to users. This defines
# the port on which the logs are served. It needs to be unused, and open
# visible from the main web server to connect into the workers.
worker_log_server_port = 8793

# The Celery broker URL. Celery supports RabbitMQ, Redis and experimentally
# a sqlalchemy database. Refer to the Celery documentation for more
# information.
#broker_url = sqla+mysql://airflow:airflow@localhost:3306/airflow
broker_url = sqs://

# Another key Celery setting
#celery_result_backend = db+mysql://airflow:airflow@localhost:3306/airflow
celery_result_backend = db+postgresql://postgres:$password@localhost/datalake_airflow_cluster_v1_master1_database_1

# Celery Flower is a sweet UI for Celery. Airflow has a shortcut to start
# it `airflow flower`. This defines the IP that Celery Flower runs on
flower_host = 0.0.0.0

# This defines the port that Celery Flower runs on
flower_port = 5555

# Default queue that tasks get assigned to and that worker listen on.
default_queue = default

# Import path for celery configuration options
celery_config_options = airflow.config_templates.default_celery.DEFAULT_CELERY_CONFIG

[dask]
# This section only applies if you are using the DaskExecutor in
# [core] section above

# The IP address and port of the Dask cluster's scheduler.
cluster_address = 127.0.0.1:8786


[scheduler]
# Task instances listen for external kill signal (when you clear tasks
# from the CLI or the UI), this defines the frequency at which they should
# listen (in seconds).
job_heartbeat_sec = 5

# The scheduler constantly tries to trigger new tasks (look at the
# scheduler section in the docs for more information). This defines
# how often the scheduler should run (in seconds).
scheduler_heartbeat_sec = 5

# after how much time should the scheduler terminate in seconds
# -1 indicates to run continuously (see also num_runs)
run_duration = -1

# after how much time a new DAGs should be picked up from the filesystem
min_file_process_interval = 0

dag_dir_list_interval = 300

# How often should stats be printed to the logs
print_stats_interval = 30

child_process_log_directory = /home/ec2-user/airflow/logs/scheduler

# Local task jobs periodically heartbeat to the DB. If the job has
# not heartbeat in this many seconds, the scheduler will mark the
# associated task instance as failed and will re-schedule the task.
scheduler_zombie_task_threshold = 300

# Turn off scheduler catchup by setting this to False.
# Default behavior is unchanged and
# Command Line Backfills still work, but the scheduler
# will not do scheduler catchup if this is False,
# however it can be set on a per DAG basis in the
# DAG definition (catchup)
catchup_by_default = True

# This changes the batch size of queries in the scheduling main loop.
# This depends on query length limits and how long you are willing to hold locks.
# 0 for no limit
max_tis_per_query = 0

# Statsd (https://github.com/etsy/statsd) integration settings
statsd_on = False
statsd_host = localhost
statsd_port = 8125
statsd_prefix = airflow

# The scheduler can run multiple threads in parallel to schedule dags.
# This defines how many threads will run.
max_threads = 2

authenticate = False

[ldap]
# set this to ldaps://<your.ldap.server>:<port>
uri = 
user_filter = objectClass=*
user_name_attr = uid
group_member_attr = memberOf
superuser_filter = 
data_profiler_filter = 
bind_user = cn=Manager,dc=example,dc=com
bind_password = insecure
basedn = dc=example,dc=com
cacert = /etc/ca/ldap_ca.crt
search_scope = LEVEL

[mesos]
# Mesos master address which MesosExecutor will connect to.
master = localhost:5050

# The framework name which Airflow scheduler will register itself as on mesos
framework_name = Airflow

# Number of cpu cores required for running one task instance using
# 'airflow run <dag_id> <task_id> <execution_date> --local -p <pickle_id>'
# command on a mesos slave
task_cpu = 1

# Memory in MB required for running one task instance using
# 'airflow run <dag_id> <task_id> <execution_date> --local -p <pickle_id>'
# command on a mesos slave
task_memory = 256

# Enable framework checkpointing for mesos
# See http://mesos.apache.org/documentation/latest/slave-recovery/
checkpoint = False

# Failover timeout in milliseconds.
# When checkpointing is enabled and this option is set, Mesos waits
# until the configured timeout for
# the MesosExecutor framework to re-register after a failover. Mesos
# shuts down running tasks if the
# MesosExecutor framework fails to re-register within this timeframe.
# failover_timeout = 604800

# Enable framework authentication for mesos
# See http://mesos.apache.org/documentation/latest/configuration/
authenticate = False

# Mesos credentials, if authentication is enabled
# default_principal = admin
# default_secret = admin


[kerberos]
ccache = /tmp/airflow_krb5_ccache
# gets augmented with fqdn
principal = airflow
reinit_frequency = 3600
kinit_path = kinit
keytab = airflow.keytab


[github_enterprise]
api_rev = v3


[admin]
# UI to hide sensitive variable fields when set to True
hide_sensitive_variable_fields = True

Update:

I just noticed there is a configuration field in airflow.cfg to supply a queue name so I set that with my SQS queue name with default_queue = myQueueName-SQS.fifo and then ran airflow initdb but I'm still getting the same error.

Update 2:

I just noticed that Celery is displaying this when I run the airflow worker command transport: sqs://localhost// so I think I need to modify the Celery configuration file to point to my SQS location.

UPDATE:

I've wasted over two and a half days trying to just get a queue to work with Celery and Airflow (RabbitMQ error here and the SQS error here) when I read this article which says that Airbnb (the creators of Airflow) are using Celery with Redis as their Queue. So I tried it out and it literally took me three minutes to do and it's working flawlessly.... All I did was download Redis using sudo yum install redis then bam I had Redis installed. I started Redis using redis-server. Then I changed my airflow.cfg broker_url field to broker_url = redis://, ran airflow initdb, restarted the scheduler airflow scheduler, then started a worker airflow worker and BAM my DAGs started running using the Redis queue and CeleryExecutor. HALLELUJAH just use Redis as your queue....