彩色红宝石输出[关闭](Colorized Ruby output [closed])

2019-07-19 22:58发布

有没有在终端执行的背景和前景文本着色输出宝石?

我还记得,编程帕斯卡尔当大家都习惯玩textcolor(...)程序,以使我们的小教育节目看起来更加漂亮和表象。

有什么用Ruby相似?

Answer 1:

彩色化是我最喜欢的宝石! :-)

看看这个:

https://github.com/fazibear/colorize

安装:

gem install colorize

用法:

require 'colorize'

puts "I am now red".red
puts "I am now blue".blue
puts "Testing".yellow


Answer 2:

结合以上问题的答案,你可以实现的东西,就像宝石着色,而无需依赖另一个。

class String
  # colorization
  def colorize(color_code)
    "\e[#{color_code}m#{self}\e[0m"
  end

  def red
    colorize(31)
  end

  def green
    colorize(32)
  end

  def yellow
    colorize(33)
  end

  def blue
    colorize(34)
  end

  def pink
    colorize(35)
  end

  def light_blue
    colorize(36)
  end
end


Answer 3:

由于String类的方法(仅适用于UNIX):

class String
def black;          "\e[30m#{self}\e[0m" end
def red;            "\e[31m#{self}\e[0m" end
def green;          "\e[32m#{self}\e[0m" end
def brown;          "\e[33m#{self}\e[0m" end
def blue;           "\e[34m#{self}\e[0m" end
def magenta;        "\e[35m#{self}\e[0m" end
def cyan;           "\e[36m#{self}\e[0m" end
def gray;           "\e[37m#{self}\e[0m" end

def bg_black;       "\e[40m#{self}\e[0m" end
def bg_red;         "\e[41m#{self}\e[0m" end
def bg_green;       "\e[42m#{self}\e[0m" end
def bg_brown;       "\e[43m#{self}\e[0m" end
def bg_blue;        "\e[44m#{self}\e[0m" end
def bg_magenta;     "\e[45m#{self}\e[0m" end
def bg_cyan;        "\e[46m#{self}\e[0m" end
def bg_gray;        "\e[47m#{self}\e[0m" end

def bold;           "\e[1m#{self}\e[22m" end
def italic;         "\e[3m#{self}\e[23m" end
def underline;      "\e[4m#{self}\e[24m" end
def blink;          "\e[5m#{self}\e[25m" end
def reverse_color;  "\e[7m#{self}\e[27m" end
end

与用法:

puts "I'm back green".bg_green
puts "I'm red and back cyan".red.bg_cyan
puts "I'm bold and green and backround red".bold.green.bg_red

我的控制台上:

额外:

def no_colors
  self.gsub /\e\[\d+m/, ""
end

除去格式化字符

注意

puts "\e[31m" # set format (red foreground)
puts "\e[0m"   # clear format
puts "green-#{"red".red}-green".green # will be green-red-normal, because of \e[0


Answer 4:

我写了一个小方法来测试的基本颜色模式的基础上,由Erik Skoglund和其他人的答案。

#outputs color table to console, regular and bold modes
def colortable
  names = %w(black red green yellow blue pink cyan white default)
  fgcodes = (30..39).to_a - [38]

  s = ''
  reg  = "\e[%d;%dm%s\e[0m"
  bold = "\e[1;%d;%dm%s\e[0m"
  puts '                       color table with these background codes:'
  puts '          40       41       42       43       44       45       46       47       49'
  names.zip(fgcodes).each {|name,fg|
    s = "#{fg}"
    puts "%7s "%name + "#{reg}  #{bold}   "*9 % [fg,40,s,fg,40,s,  fg,41,s,fg,41,s,  fg,42,s,fg,42,s,  fg,43,s,fg,43,s,  
      fg,44,s,fg,44,s,  fg,45,s,fg,45,s,  fg,46,s,fg,46,s,  fg,47,s,fg,47,s,  fg,49,s,fg,49,s ]
  }
end

示例输出:



Answer 5:

您可以使用ANSI转义序列来做到这一点在控制台上。 我知道这工作在Linux和OSX,我不知道如果Windows控制台(CMD)支持ANSI。

我做到了在Java中,但这些想法都是一样的。

//foreground color
public static final String BLACK_TEXT()   { return "\033[30m";}
public static final String RED_TEXT()     { return "\033[31m";}
public static final String GREEN_TEXT()   { return "\033[32m";}
public static final String BROWN_TEXT()   { return "\033[33m";}
public static final String BLUE_TEXT()    { return "\033[34m";}
public static final String MAGENTA_TEXT() { return "\033[35m";}
public static final String CYAN_TEXT()    { return "\033[36m";}
public static final String GRAY_TEXT()    { return "\033[37m";}

//background color
public static final String BLACK_BACK()   { return "\033[40m";}
public static final String RED_BACK()     { return "\033[41m";}
public static final String GREEN_BACK()   { return "\033[42m";}
public static final String BROWN_BACK()   { return "\033[43m";}
public static final String BLUE_BACK()    { return "\033[44m";}
public static final String MAGENTA_BACK() { return "\033[45m";}
public static final String CYAN_BACK()    { return "\033[46m";}
public static final String WHITE_BACK()   { return "\033[47m";}

//ANSI control chars
public static final String RESET_COLORS() { return "\033[0m";}
public static final String BOLD_ON()      { return "\033[1m";}
public static final String BLINK_ON()     { return "\033[5m";}
public static final String REVERSE_ON()   { return "\033[7m";}
public static final String BOLD_OFF()     { return "\033[22m";}
public static final String BLINK_OFF()    { return "\033[25m";}
public static final String REVERSE_OFF()  { return "\033[27m";}


Answer 6:

而其他的答案将做的工作对大多数人来说,这样做的“正确的” Unix方式应该被提及。 由于所有类型的文本终端不支持这些序列,您可以查询terminfo数据库,在各种文本终端化支持的抽象。 这似乎大多是历史的兴趣-软件终端目前使用普遍支持ANSI序列-但它确实有(至少)一个实际的效果:它有时是有用的,以便能够变量设置环境TERMdumb以避免所有这些造型,保存输出到一个文本文件时的例子。 另外,感觉很好做正确的事情。 :-)

您可以使用红宝石terminfo的宝石。 它需要一些C编译安装; 我能够在与我的Ubuntu 14.10系统安装:

$ sudo apt-get install libncurses5-dev
$ gem install ruby-terminfo --user-install

然后你就可以查询这样的数据库(见的terminfo手册页的什么码有一个列表):

require 'terminfo' 
TermInfo.control("bold")
puts "Bold text"
TermInfo.control("sgr0")
puts "Back to normal."
puts "And now some " + TermInfo.control_string("setaf", 1) + 
     "red" + TermInfo.control_string("sgr0") + " text."

这里有一个小包装类,我放在一起,多一点简单的使用使事情。

require 'terminfo'

class Style
  def self.style() 
    @@singleton ||= Style.new
  end

  colors = %w{black red green yellow blue magenta cyan white}
  colors.each_with_index do |color, index|
    define_method(color) { get("setaf", index) }
    define_method("bg_" + color) { get("setab", index) }
  end

  def bold()  get("bold")  end
  def under() get("smul")  end
  def dim()   get("dim")   end
  def clear() get("sgr0")  end

  def get(*args)
    begin
      TermInfo.control_string(*args)
    rescue TermInfo::TermInfoError
      ""
    end
  end
end

用法:

c = Style.style
C = c.clear
puts "#{c.red}Warning:#{C} this is #{c.bold}way#{C} #{c.bg_red}too much #{c.cyan + c.under}styling#{C}!"
puts "#{c.dim}(Don't you think?)#{C}"

(编辑)最后,如果你宁愿不需要的宝石,你可以依靠tput程序, 这里描述 -红宝石例如:

puts "Hi! " + `tput setaf 1` + "This is red!" + `tput sgr0`


Answer 7:

我做了这个方法,可以帮助。 这不是什么大不了的事,但它的工作原理:

def colorize(text, color = "default", bgColor = "default")
    colors = {"default" => "38","black" => "30","red" => "31","green" => "32","brown" => "33", "blue" => "34", "purple" => "35",
     "cyan" => "36", "gray" => "37", "dark gray" => "1;30", "light red" => "1;31", "light green" => "1;32", "yellow" => "1;33",
      "light blue" => "1;34", "light purple" => "1;35", "light cyan" => "1;36", "white" => "1;37"}
    bgColors = {"default" => "0", "black" => "40", "red" => "41", "green" => "42", "brown" => "43", "blue" => "44",
     "purple" => "45", "cyan" => "46", "gray" => "47", "dark gray" => "100", "light red" => "101", "light green" => "102",
     "yellow" => "103", "light blue" => "104", "light purple" => "105", "light cyan" => "106", "white" => "107"}
    color_code = colors[color]
    bgColor_code = bgColors[bgColor]
    return "\033[#{bgColor_code};#{color_code}m#{text}\033[0m"
end

以下是如何使用它:

puts "#{colorize("Hello World")}"
puts "#{colorize("Hello World", "yellow")}"
puts "#{colorize("Hello World", "white","light red")}"

可能的改进可能是:

  • colorsbgColors正在各方法被调用时定义和它们不改变。
  • 添加其他选项,如boldunderlinedim等。

此方法不适用于工作p ,作为p没有一个inspect到它的参数。 例如:

p "#{colorize("Hello World")}"

将显示 “\ E [0; 38mHello世界\ E [0米”

我测试了putsprint和记录器的宝石,并能正常工作。


我改进这一点,并做了一个类,因此colorsbgColors类常量和colorize是一个类的方法:

编辑:更好的代码风格,定义的常量,而不是类变量,用符号代替串,增加了更多的选项,例如,粗体,斜体等。

class Colorizator
    COLOURS = { default: '38', black: '30', red: '31', green: '32', brown: '33', blue: '34', purple: '35',
                cyan: '36', gray: '37', dark_gray: '1;30', light_red: '1;31', light_green: '1;32', yellow: '1;33',
                light_blue: '1;34', light_purple: '1;35', light_cyan: '1;36', white: '1;37' }.freeze
    BG_COLOURS = { default: '0', black: '40', red: '41', green: '42', brown: '43', blue: '44',
                   purple: '45', cyan: '46', gray: '47', dark_gray: '100', light_red: '101', light_green: '102',
                   yellow: '103', light_blue: '104', light_purple: '105', light_cyan: '106', white: '107' }.freeze

    FONT_OPTIONS = { bold: '1', dim: '2', italic: '3', underline: '4', reverse: '7', hidden: '8' }.freeze

    def self.colorize(text, colour = :default, bg_colour = :default, **options)
        colour_code = COLOURS[colour]
        bg_colour_code = BG_COLOURS[bg_colour]
        font_options = options.select { |k, v| v && FONT_OPTIONS.key?(k) }.keys
        font_options = font_options.map { |e| FONT_OPTIONS[e] }.join(';').squeeze
        return "\e[#{bg_colour_code};#{font_options};#{colour_code}m#{text}\e[0m".squeeze(';')
    end
end

您可以通过使用它:

Colorizator.colorize "Hello World", :gray, :white
Colorizator.colorize "Hello World", :light_blue, bold: true
Colorizator.colorize "Hello World", :light_blue, :white, bold: true, underline: true


Answer 8:

我发现了几个:

http://github.com/ssoroka/ansi/tree/master

例子:

puts ANSI.color(:red) { "hello there" }
puts ANSI.color(:green) + "Everything is green now" + ANSI.no_color

http://flori.github.com/term-ansicolor/

例子:

print red, bold, "red bold", reset, "\n"
print red(bold("red bold")), "\n"
print red { bold { "red bold" } }, "\n"

http://github.com/sickill/rainbow

例:

puts "this is red".foreground(:red) + " and " + "this on yellow bg".background(:yellow) + " and " + "even bright underlined!".underline.bright

如果您使用的是Windows,你可能需要做一个“创业板安装win32console”启用颜色支持。

另外,文章着色控制台的Ruby脚本输出 ,如果你需要创建自己的宝石是非常有用的。 它说明了如何ANSI色素添加到字符串。 您可以利用这些知识来包装它在一些扩展字符串或东西类。



Answer 9:

下面是我做使它无需任何宝石的工作:

def red(mytext) ; "\e[31m#{mytext}\e[0m" ; end
puts red("hello world")

那么只有在引号的文本有颜色的,和你返回到您的定期程序。



Answer 10:

这可以帮助你: 彩色化红宝石输出



Answer 11:

我发现以上问题的答案是有用的但是不符合该法案,如果我想上色像日志的输出,而无需使用任何第三方库。 下面解决这个问题对我来说:

red = 31
green = 32
blue = 34

def color (color=blue)
  printf "\033[#{color}m";
  yield
  printf "\033[0m"
end

color { puts "this is blue" }
color(red) { logger.info "and this is red" }

我希望它能帮助!



文章来源: Colorized Ruby output [closed]