SQL PIVOT和字符串连接骨料(Sql PIVOT and string concatenati

2019-07-19 15:49发布

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我想用一个支点SQL查询来构建一个结果表，其中连接文本为枢轴表的数据段内的结果。

即我从使用一个简单的选择以下结果：

+------------+-----------------+---------------+
| Event Name | Resource Type   | Resource Name |
+------------+-----------------+---------------+
| Event 1    | Resource Type 1 | Resource 1    |
| Event 1    | Resource Type 1 | Resource 2    |
| Event 1    | Resource Type 2 | Resource 3    |
| Event 1    | Resource Type 2 | Resource 4    |
| Event 1    | Resource Type 3 | Resource 5    |
| Event 1    | Resource Type 3 | Resource 6    |
| Event 1    | Resource Type 3 | Resource 7    |
| Event 1    | Resource Type 4 | Resource 8    |
| Event 2    | Resource Type 5 | Resource 1    |
| Event 2    | Resource Type 2 | Resource 3    |
| Event 2    | Resource Type 3 | Resource 11   |
| Event 2    | Resource Type 3 | Resource 12   |
| Event 2    | Resource Type 3 | Resource 13   |
| Event 2    | Resource Type 4 | Resource 14   |
| Event 2    | Resource Type 5 | Resource 9    |
| Event 2    | Resource Type 5 | Resource 16   |
+------------+-----------------+---------------+

而且我想构建一个结果查询是这样的：

+---------------------+------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------------------------------+
| Event/Resource Type | Resource Type 1        | Resource Type 2        | Resource Type 3                       | Resource Type 4 | Resource Type 5                     |
+---------------------+------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------------------------------+
| Event 1             | Resource 1, Resource 2 | Resource 3, Resource 4 | Resource 5, Resource 6, Resource 7    | Resource 8      | NULL                                |
| Event 2             | NULL                   | Resource 3             | Resource 11, Resource 12, Resource 13 | Resource 14     | Resource 1, Resource 9, Resource 16 |
+---------------------+------------------------+------------------------+---------------------------------------+-----------------+-------------------------------------+

我知道如何使用MS-SQL中的PIVOT声明，但我不知道如何来聚集资源名称为逗号分隔项目的每个资源类型的串联。

PS我还可以使用使用SSRS 2008 R2提供的Martix的解决方案使用Report Builde 3的第一个表作为我的数据集，并创建将聚集资源名称到一个逗号分隔的字符串的矩阵。

Answer 1:

为了得到结果，你首先应该串连值到逗号分隔的列表。

我会用CROSS APPLY和FOR XML PATH ：

SELECT distinct e.[Event Name],
  e.[Resource Type],
  LEFT(r.ResourceName , LEN(r.ResourceName)-1) ResourceName
FROM yourtable e
CROSS APPLY
(
    SELECT r.[Resource Name] + ', '
    FROM yourtable r
    where e.[Event Name] = r.[Event Name]
      and e.[Resource Type] = r.[Resource Type]
    FOR XML PATH('')
) r (ResourceName)

请参阅SQL拨弄演示。该给你的结果是：

| EVENT NAME |   RESOURCE TYPE |                          RESOURCENAME |
------------------------------------------------------------------------
|    Event 1 | Resource Type 1 |                Resource 1, Resource 2 |
|    Event 1 | Resource Type 2 |                Resource 3, Resource 4 |
|    Event 1 | Resource Type 3 |    Resource 5, Resource 6, Resource 7 |
|    Event 1 | Resource Type 4 |                            Resource 8 |
|    Event 2 | Resource Type 2 |                            Resource 3 |
|    Event 2 | Resource Type 3 | Resource 11, Resource 12, Resource 13 |
|    Event 2 | Resource Type 4 |                           Resource 14 |
|    Event 2 | Resource Type 5 |   Resource 1, Resource 9, Resource 16 |

然后，你将你的应用PIVOT这个结果：

SELECT [Event Name],
  [Resource Type 1], [Resource Type 2],
  [Resource Type 3], [Resource Type 4],
  [Resource Type 5]
FROM
(
  SELECT distinct e.[Event Name],
    e.[Resource Type],
    LEFT(r.ResourceName , LEN(r.ResourceName)-1) ResourceName
  FROM yourtable e
  CROSS APPLY
  (
      SELECT r.[Resource Name] + ', '
      FROM yourtable r
      where e.[Event Name] = r.[Event Name]
        and e.[Resource Type] = r.[Resource Type]
      FOR XML PATH('')
  ) r (ResourceName)
) src
pivot
(
  max(ResourceName)
  for [Resource Type] in ([Resource Type 1], [Resource Type 2],
                          [Resource Type 3], [Resource Type 4],
                          [Resource Type 5])
) piv

请参阅SQL拨弄演示。然后，您的最终结果将是：

| EVENT NAME |        RESOURCE TYPE 1 |        RESOURCE TYPE 2 |                       RESOURCE TYPE 3 | RESOURCE TYPE 4 |                     RESOURCE TYPE 5 |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|    Event 1 | Resource 1, Resource 2 | Resource 3, Resource 4 |    Resource 5, Resource 6, Resource 7 |      Resource 8 |                              (null) |
|    Event 2 |                 (null) |             Resource 3 | Resource 11, Resource 12, Resource 13 |     Resource 14 | Resource 1, Resource 9, Resource 16 |

Answer 2:

这对我的作品在2008年SQL，它是动态的-将处理额外的Resource Type

工作SQLFiddle

IF OBJECT_ID('tempdb..#test') IS NOT NULL
  DROP TABLE #test

GO

CREATE TABLE #test
  (
     eventName    VARCHAR(30),
     resourceType VARCHAR(30),
     resourceName VARCHAR(30)
  );

INSERT INTO #test
VALUES      ('Event 1','Resource Type 1','Resource 1'),
            ('Event 1','Resource Type 1','Resource 2'),
            ('Event 1','Resource Type 2','Resource 3'),
            ('Event 1','Resource Type 2','Resource 4'),
            ('Event 1','Resource Type 3','Resource 5'),
            ('Event 1','Resource Type 3','Resource 6'),
            ('Event 1','Resource Type 3','Resource 7'),
            ('Event 1','Resource Type 4','Resource 8'),
            ('Event 2','Resource Type 5','Resource 1'),
            ('Event 2','Resource Type 2','Resource 3'),
            ('Event 2','Resource Type 3','Resource 11'),
            ('Event 2','Resource Type 3','Resource 12'),
            ('Event 2','Resource Type 3','Resource 13'),
            ('Event 2','Resource Type 4','Resource 14'),
            ('Event 2','Resource Type 5','Resource 9'),
            ('Event 2','Resource Type 5','Resource 16');

DECLARE @resourceTypes VARCHAR(max);

SELECT @resourceTypes = stuff((SELECT DISTINCT ',[' + resourceType + ']'
                               FROM   #test
                               FOR xml path('')), 1, 1, '');
DECLARE @query NVARCHAR(max);

SET @query = 'SELECT *
FROM   (SELECT eventName,
               resourceType,
               stuff((SELECT '','' + resourceName + ''''
                      FROM   #test b
                      WHERE  a.eventName = b.eventName
                             AND a.resourceType = b.resourceType
                      FOR xml path('''')), 1, 1, '''') resourceName
        FROM   #test a
        GROUP  BY eventName,
                  resourceType) AS data PIVOT (max(resourceName) FOR resourceType IN (' + @resourceTypes + ')) AS pvt';

EXEC(@query);

DROP TABLE #test;

Answer 3:

在报表生成器，你应该使用表或矩阵向导，并做到以下几点：

Resource Type字段作为列组。
Event Name字段作为行组。
和Resource Name字段的细节，你将不得不使用aggregatre功能，如Count 。

在这个阶段完成向导，然后一旦完成编辑的Resource Name电池作为表达。替换为表达式：

=Join( LookupSet( Fields!EVENT_NAME.Value + Fields!RESOURCE_TYPE.Value,
                  Fields!EVENT_NAME.Value + Fields!RESOURCE_TYPE.Value,
                  Fields!RESOURCE_NAME.Value, "DataSet1"), ", ")

现在尝试和测试：

Answer 4:

全部工作示例：

SET NOCOUNT ON
GO

    DECLARE @SourceTable TABLE
    (
         EventName NVARCHAR(10)
        ,ResourceType NVARCHAR(20)
        ,ResourceName NVARCHAR(20)
    )

    INSERT INTO @SourceTable(EventName,ResourceType,ResourceName)
    VALUES   ('Event 1','Resource Type 1','Resource 1')
            ,('Event 1','Resource Type 1','Resource 2') 
            ,('Event 1','Resource Type 2','Resource 3') 
            ,('Event 1','Resource Type 2','Resource 4')
            ,('Event 1','Resource Type 3','Resource 5') 
            ,('Event 1','Resource Type 3','Resource 6') 
            ,('Event 1','Resource Type 3','Resource 7') 
            ,('Event 1','Resource Type 4','Resource 8') 
            ,('Event 2','Resource Type 5','Resource 1') 
            ,('Event 2','Resource Type 2','Resource 3') 
            ,('Event 2','Resource Type 3','Resource 11')
            ,('Event 2','Resource Type 3','Resource 12')
            ,('Event 2','Resource Type 3','Resource 13')
            ,('Event 2','Resource Type 4','Resource 14')
            ,('Event 2','Resource Type 5','Resource 9') 
            ,('Event 2','Resource Type 5','Resource 16') 

    ;WITH SourceTable AS
    (
        SELECT DISTINCT ST1.EventName
                       ,ST1.ResourceType
                       ,(SELECT SUBSTRING((SELECT ',' +ResourceName 
                                           FROM @SourceTable AS ST2
                                           WHERE ST1.EventName=ST2.EventName AND ST1.ResourceType=ST2.ResourceType 
                                           FOR XML PATH('')),2,200) AS CSV) AS ResourceName
        FROM @SourceTable AS ST1
    )
    SELECT    EventName
            ,[Resource Type 1]
            ,[Resource Type 2]
            ,[Resource Type 3]
            ,[Resource Type 4]
            ,[Resource Type 5]
    FROM 
    (
        SELECT EventName
              ,ResourceType
              ,ResourceName
        FROM SourceTable
    ) PivotSource
    PIVOT
    (
        MAX(ResourceName) FOR ResourceType  IN ([Resource Type 1],[Resource Type 2],[Resource Type 3],[Resource Type 4],[Resource Type 5])
    ) PivotTable

SET NOCOUNT OFF
GO

文章来源: Sql PIVOT and string concatenation aggregate