Simplest way to run three methods in parallel in C

问题:

I have three methods that I call to do some number crunching that are as follows

results.LeftFront.CalcAi();  
results.RightFront.CalcAi();  
results.RearSuspension.CalcAi(geom, vehDef.Geometry.LTa.TaStiffness, vehDef.Geometry.RTa.TaStiffness);

Each of the functions is independent of each other and can be computed in parallel with no dead locks.
What is the easiest way to compute these in parallel without the containing method finishing until all three are done?

回答1:

See the TPL documentation. They list this sample:

Parallel.Invoke(() => DoSomeWork(), () => DoSomeOtherWork());

So in your case this should just work:

Parallel.Invoke(
    () => results.LeftFront.CalcAi(),
    () => results.RightFront.CalcAi(),
    () => results.RearSuspension.CalcAi(geom, 
                                        vehDef.Geometry.LTa.TaStiffness, 
                                        vehDef.Geometry.RTa.TaStiffness));

EDIT: The call returns after all actions have finished executing. Invoke() is does not guarantee that they will indeed run in parallel, nor does it guarantee the order in which the actions execute.

回答2:

You can do this with tasks too (nicer if you later need Cancellation or something like results)

var task1 = Task.Factory.StartNew(() => results.LeftFront.CalcAi());
var task2 = Task.Factory.StartNew(() => results.RightFront.CalcAi());
var task3 = Task.Factory.StartNew(() =>results.RearSuspension.CalcAi(geom, 
                              vehDef.Geometry.LTa.TaStiffness, 
                              vehDef.Geometry.RTa.TaStiffness));

Task.WaitAll(task1, task2, task3);

回答3:

In .NET 4, Microsoft introduced the Task Parallel Library which was designed to handle this kind of problem, see Parallel Programming in the .NET Framework.

回答4:

To run parallel methods which are independent of each other ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem can also be used. Here is the sample method-

public static void ExecuteParallel(params Action[] tasks)
{
    // Initialize the reset events to keep track of completed threads
    ManualResetEvent[] resetEvents = new ManualResetEvent[tasks.Length];

    // Launch each method in it's own thread
    for (int i = 0; i < tasks.Length; i++)
    {
        resetEvents[i] = new ManualResetEvent(false);
        ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(new WaitCallback((object index) =>
            {
                int taskIndex = (int)index;

                // Execute the method
                tasks[taskIndex]();

                // Tell the calling thread that we're done
                resetEvents[taskIndex].Set();
            }), i);
    }

    // Wait for all threads to execute
    WaitHandle.WaitAll(resetEvents);
}

More detail about this function can be found here:
http://newapputil.blogspot.in/2016/03/running-parallel-tasks-using.html

回答5:

var task1 = SomeLongRunningTask();
var task2 = SomeOtherLongRunningTask();

await Task.WhenAll(task1, task2);

The benefit of this over Task.WaitAll is that this will release the thread and await the completion of the two tasks.