Inserting String into String in C

问题:

Length Function:

int length(const char s[])
{
    int length = 0;
    while(s[length]!='\0')
    {
        length++;
    }

    return length;
}

Insert Function:

    void insert(char s1[], const char s2[], int n)
{
    char *beginOfString = s1;
    int lengthOfS1 = length(s1);
    int lengthOfS2 = length(s2);
    char s1Copy[lengthOfS1 + lengthOfS2];
    int c, afterC, lengthOfRemainingPart;

    c = 0; 
    c = n + 1;
    beginOfString += c;
    afterC = c; //nth position to start from to add onto array
    lengthOfRemainingPart = length(beginOfString);
    c = 0;

    int counter = 0;
    for(c = 0; c < length(s1) - 1; c++) {

        s1Copy[c] = s2[counter];
        for(c = afterC; c < (lengthOfS1 + lengthOfS2) - 1; c++) {
            if(c == afterC) {
                s1Copy[c] = s2[counter];
            } else {
                counter++;
                if(s2[counter] != *"\0")
                s1Copy[c] = s2[counter];
            }
        }
    }
    c = 0;

    for(c = 0; c < length(s1Copy) - 1; c++) {
        printf("\n %c \n", s1Copy[c]);
    }

    printf("\n");
    printf("\n %s \n", beginOfString);
    printf("\n  %s \n", "LINE");
}

Function Call (and related declarations):

#define MAX_STR 20
char ab[MAX_STR + 1] = "Chicken and Chips";
   char  b[MAX_STR + 1] = "Scampi";       
   insert(ab, b, 7);

I'm trying to insert a char array into another char array whilst keeping the rest of the chars still within the array but shifted along depending on where the user wants to insert the char array according to the n value.

This doesn't seem to be working and seems to output the wrong values. The function calls and the function header (parameter types, etc.) needs to stay how I've put them. Only the function body itself can change.

The output should be "ChickenScampi and Chips"

Any ideas where I am going wrong? Cheers.

回答1:

Not going to sugar coat it. This code is a mess. The task you're trying to accomplish is easiest if you simply

• Copy from [0..min(n, lengthS1)) (note exclusivity of right side) from s1[] to your target.
• Append s2[] to the target.
• Append s1[min(n, lengthS1)] through s1[lengthS1] to the target.
• Terminate the string
• That's it.

And above all, the target must be able to accommodate both strings and a nulchar terminator, which your target buffer does not do (it is short by one character).

There is no need for nested for-loops. And yours is broken regardless as it is walking on its own indexing variables.

#include <stdio.h>

size_t length(const char s[])
{
    const char *end = s;
    while (*end)
        ++end;
    return end - s;
}

void insert(const char s1[], const char s2[], int n)
{
    size_t lengthOfS1 = length(s1);
    size_t lengthOfS2 = length(s2);
    size_t pos = (n < lengthOfS1) ? n : lengthOfS1;
    size_t i;

    // declare VLA for holding both strings + terminator
    char s1Copy[lengthOfS1 + lengthOfS2 + 1];

    // put in part/full s1, depending on length
    for (i=0; i<pos; ++i)
        s1Copy[i] = s1[i];

    // append s2
    for (i=0; i<lengthOfS2; ++i)
        s1Copy[pos+i] = s2[i];

    // finish s1 if needed.
    for (i=pos; i<lengthOfS1; ++i)
        s1Copy[i+lengthOfS2] = s1[i];

    // termiante string
    s1Copy[lengthOfS1 + lengthOfS2] = 0;

    puts(s1Copy);
}

int main()
{
    char ab[] = "Chicken and Chips";
    char  b[] = "Scampi";
    insert(ab, b, 0);
    insert(ab, b, 7);
    insert(ab, b, 100);
}

Output

ScampiChicken and Chips
ChickenScampi and Chips
Chicken and ChipsScampi

Summary

If you're not sure what is going on, the last thing you should be doing is writing more code. Rather, stop coding, get some paper and a writing instrument, and rethink the problem.