Why do we use web.xml? [closed]

问题:

What is the use of web.xml and why do we use?

<filter>
        <filter-name>wicket.mysticpaste</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.apache.wicket.protocol.http.WicketFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>applicationClassName</param-name>
            <param-value>com.mysticcoders.WicketApplication</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>

 <filter-mapping>
  <filter-name>wicket.mysticpaste</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
 </filter-mapping>

What does this filer and filermapping do?

回答1:

Generally speaking, this is the configuration file of web applications in java. It instructs the servlet container (tomcat for ex.) which classes to load, what parameters to set in the context, and how to intercept requests coming from browsers.

There you specify:

• what servlets (and filters) you want to use and what URLs you want to map them to
• listeners - classes that are notified when some events happen (context starts, session created, etc)
• configuration parameters (context-params)
• error pages, welcome files
• security constriants

In servlet 3.0 many of the web.xml parts are optional. These configurations can be done via annotations (@WebServlet, @WebListener)

回答2:

The web.xml file is the deployment descriptor for a Servlet-based Java web application (which at most Java web apps are). Among other things, it declares which Servlets exist and which URLs they handle.

The part you cite defines a Servlet Filter. Servler filters can do all kinds of preprocessing on requests. Your specific example is a filter hat the Wicket framework uses as its entry point for all requests, because filters are in some way more powerful that Servlets.

回答3:

It says all the requests to go through WicketFilter

---

Also, if you use wicket WicketApplication for application level settings. Like URL patterns and things that are true at app level

---

This is what you need really, http://wicket.apache.org/learn/examples/helloworld.html

回答4:

It's the default configuration for a Java web application; it's required.

WicketFilter

is applied to every HTTP request that's sent to this web app.

回答5:

Web.xml is called as deployment descriptor file and its is is an XML file that contains information on the configuration of the web application, including the configuration of servlets.

回答6:

Servlet to be accessible from a browser, then must tell the servlet container what servlets to deploy, and what URL's to map the servlets to. This is done in the web.xml file of your Java web application.

use web.xml in servlet

<servlet>
    <description></description>
    <display-name>servlet class name</display-name>
    <servlet-name>servlet class name</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>servlet package name/servlet class name</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>servlet class name</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/servlet class name</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>

manly use web.xml for servlet mapping.