Failed to render instance of IB Designables

问题:

I have an Objective-C and Swift mixed dynamic framework. And the mixed framework was linked with two pure Objective-C dynamic frameworks.

When I tried to mark any class in the mixed framework with IB Designable and using that class in either storyboard or nib, the Xcode always says the instance of it was failed to render.

And there was the error message:

IB Designables: Failed to render instance of WZUITokenField: dlopen(WZUIKit.framework, 1): Library not loaded: /Library/Frameworks/WZFoundation.framework/WZFoundation Referenced from: WZUIKit.framework Reason: image not found

IB Designables: Failed to update auto layout status: dlopen(WZUIKit.framework, 1): Library not loaded: @rpath/WZFoundation.framework/WZFoundation Referenced from: WZUIKit.framework Reason: image not found

The framework WZUIKit is an Objective-C and Swift mixed framework and the WZFoundation is pure Objective-C.

Plus, all these sutff work on either device or the simulator.

回答1:

Finally, I solved this issue by adding $(CONFIGURATION_BUILD_DIR) in the target's build settings' Runpath Search Paths field.

Plus, there are some additional steps you might need to do with your Xcode.

1. Clear Xcode derived data for the project. They are in ~/Library/Developer/Xcode/DerivedData
2. Clean your current build by pressing ⌘⇧K
3. Build your project
4. In storyboard go to Editor menu and do Refresh All Views; wait for build to be completed and errors should be gone

Credit to @Mojtaba

回答2:

If you have the same issue building a Mac App, adding @loader_path/../Frameworks to Runpath Search Paths solved this for me.

回答3:

for me it works to close xcode and reopen it again. No errors after. Thanks.

回答4:

I had same problem In Xcode 6.4, adding Test target membership to the storyboard fixed these errors for me.

Also my test target has @loader_path/Frameworks set in Runpath Search Paths for test target, and not in original target.

回答5:

Interesting.

First, WeZZard's answer got me going in the right direction but wasn't exactly my solution.

In my iOS project, something had overridden the Runpath Search Paths field in my target. It looked like this:

LD_RUNPATH_SEARCH_PATHS = "$(inherited) @executable_path/Frameworks";

I tried his solution of adding the $(CONFIGURATION_BUILD_DIR) but it didn't work for me. Since it wasn't working, out of habit I just deleted the configuration entry (going back to project defaults). When I did, it reset to this:

LD_RUNPATH_SEARCH_PATHS = $(inherited) '@executable_path/Frameworks' '@loader_path/Frameworks'

which if I dig into my xcconfig files, appears to come from the Cocoapods.

It seems same as Alex that the @loader_path is key, but it's a slightly different path on iOS than it is Mac OS X.

回答6:

I just figured out another reason in my case:

When I used 'Editor -> Debug Selected Views' I saw that it crashed, because I was using CoreGraphics to create an image and use it as background image for a button:

class func imageWithColor(color: UIColor, size: CGSize) -> UIImage {

    let rect = CGRectMake(0.0, 0.0, size.width, size.height);
    UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(rect.size, false, 0.0);
    let context = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();    // It's alraedy nil here :(

    CGContextSetFillColorWithColor(context, color.CGColor);
    CGContextFillRect(context, rect);

    let image = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();
    UIGraphicsEndImageContext();

    return image;

}

The reason is simply that size is (0.0, 0.0). Why is that? I am calling

super.setBackgroundImage(UIImage.imageWithColor(bgColor, size: self.bounds.size), forState: .Normal)

But in IB self.bounds.size is still 0 at this point! So I changed one line:

let rect = CGRectMake(0.0, 0.0, max(size.width, 1.0), max(size.height, 1.0));

And now it works :)

Apple should provide a list with Dos and Don'ts regarding the IB...

回答7:

I also experienced this on a Mac project and Xcode 7.3.1. In my case, the framework referenced in the Failed to Render error message was not related to drawing at all.

Simply going to the target's General/Linked Frameworks and Libraries tab and changing the offending framework's Status from Required to Optional allowed the IBDesignables to update and draw properly in IB.

optional status

回答8:

In my case, I was doing the next in the initWithFrame/initWithCoder methods to create the view:

className = NSStringFromClass([self class]);
self.view = [[[NSBundle mainBundle] loadNibNamed:className owner:self options:nil] firstObject];

But It looks like I was not supposed to use the Main Bundle but the bundle of the class. So I replaced that code for the following and it worked:

bundle = [NSBundle bundleForClass:[self class]];
className = NSStringFromClass([self class]);
self.view = [[bundle loadNibNamed:className owner:self options:nil] firstObject];

I thought maybe this might help somebody.

回答9:

I had this problem in an OS X project.

In my case, the problem was an old project (NMSSH) containing a framework target with bad build settings. Specifically:

• INSTALL_PATH was set to @executable_path/../Frameworks, but the correct setting is /Library/Frameworks
• SKIP_INSTALL was not set and defaults to NO, but the correct setting is YES
• DYLIB_INSTALL_NAME_BASE was not set, but the correct setting is @rpath

Note that all of the correct settings are what you get automatically for a newly-created framework target.

After changing the settings to the correct values, Xcode was able to load my @IBDesignable view in the storyboard.

回答10:

Follow the below steps:

1. If there are any conflicts in the storyboard, resolve them correctly, check if the xml is correctly validated.(These is main step.)
2. Clean the project.
3. Delete the derived data folder.
4. Quit Xcode and restart it again. (I had to do this twice.)

回答11:

I hit this error on a framework containing IBDesignables.

I had to add $(FRAMEWORK_SEARCH_PATHS) to the LD_RUNPATH_SEARCH_PATHS setting on my framework target.

After updating the runpath setting, building, and refreshing the view in the storyboard, the error went away. Didn't even have to clean the build folder.

回答12:

I had a similar error which was caused by my Framework's views not having public initialisers:

public override init(frame: CGRect) {
    super.init(frame:frame)
    commonInit()
}

required public init(coder: NSCoder) {
    super.init(coder: coder)
    commonInit()
}

回答13:

Clear Derived Data . Quit Xcode, Reopen again.