Open every file/subfolder in directory and print r

问题:

At the moment I am working with this code:

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import glob
import os
import re
import contextlib


@contextlib.contextmanager
def stdout2file(fname):
    import sys
    f = open(fname, 'w')
    sys.stdout = f
    yield
    sys.stdout = sys.__stdout__
    f.close()

def trade_spider():
    os.chdir(r"C:\Users\6930p\FLO'S DATEIEN\Master FAU\Sommersemester 2016\02_Masterarbeit\04_Testumgebung\01_Probedateien für Analyseaspekt\Independent Auditors Report")
    with stdout2file("output.txt"):
        for file in glob.iglob('**/*.html', recursive=True):
            with open(file, encoding="utf8") as f:
                contents = f.read()
                soup = BeautifulSoup(contents, "html.parser")
                for item in soup.findAll("ix:nonfraction"):
                    if re.match(".*AuditFeesExpenses", item['name']):
                        print(file.split(os.path.sep)[-1], end="| ")
                        print(item['name'], end="| ")
                        print(item.get_text())
trade_spider()

So far this works perfectly. But now I am stucked with another issue. If I search within a folder which has no subfolders but only files this works without problems. However if i try to run this code on a folder that has subfolders it doesn't work (it prints nothing!). Furthermore I would like to get my results print into a .txt file without having the whole path in it. The result should be like:

Filename.html| RegEX Match| HTML text

I do get this result already, but only in PyCharm and not in a seperate .txt file.

To sum up, I do have 2 questions:

1. How can I also walk through subfolders in my defined Directory? -> would os.walk() be an option for that?
2. How can I print my results into a .txt file? -> would sys.stdout work on that?

Any help appreciated on this issue!

UPDATE: It only prints the first results of the first file into my "outout.txt" file (at least I think it is the first as it is the last file in my only subfolder and recursive=true is activated). Any idea why it is not looping through all the other files?

UPDATE_2: Question resolved! Final Code can be seen above!

回答1:

For walking in subdirectories, there are two options:

1. Use ** with glob and the argument recursive=True (glob.glob('**/*.html')). This only works in Python 3.5+. I would also recommend using glob.iglob instead of glob.glob if the directory tree is large.

2. Use os.walk and check the filenames (whether they end in ".html") manually or with fnmatch.filter.

---

Regarding the printing into a file, there are again several ways:

1. Just execute the script and redirect stdout, i.e. python3 myscript.py >myfile.txt

2. Replace calls to print with a call to the .write() method of a file object in write mode`.

3. Keep using print, but give it the argument file=myfile where myfile is again a writable file object.

edit: Maybe the most unobstrusive method would be the following. First, include this somewhere:

import contextlib
@contextlib.contextmanager
def stdout2file(fname):
    import sys
    f = open(fname, 'w')
    sys.stdout = f
    yield
    sys.stdout = sys.__stdout__
    f.close()

And then, infront of the line in which you loop over the files, add this line (and appropriately indent):

with stdout2file("output.txt"):