How do I display custom error pages in Asp.Net Mvc

问题:

I want all 401 errors to be be redirected to a custom error page. I have initially setup the following entry in my web.config.

<customErrors defaultRedirect="ErrorPage.aspx" mode="On">
  <error statusCode="401" redirect="~/Views/Shared/AccessDenied.aspx" />
</customErrors>

When using IIS Express I receive the stock IIS Express 401 error page.

In the event when I do not use IIS Express a blank page is returned. Using Google Chrome's Network tab to inspect the response, I see that while the page is blank a 401 status is returned in the headers

What I have tried thus far is using suggestions from this SO answer since I am using IIS Express but to no avail. I have tried using a combination <custom errors> and <httpErrors> with no luck - the standard error or blank page is still displayed.

The httpErrors section looks like this at the moment based on the link from the above SO question ( I also found another very promising answer however no luck - blank response)

<system.webServer>
  <httpErrors  errorMode="DetailedLocalOnly" existingResponse="PassThrough" >
    <remove statusCode="401"  />
    <error statusCode="401" path="/Views/Shared/AccessDenied.htm" />
  </httpErrors>

 <!-- 
 <httpErrors  errorMode="Custom" 
             existingResponse="PassThrough" 
             defaultResponseMode="ExecuteURL">
      <remove statusCode="401"  />
  <error statusCode="401" path="~/Views/Shared/AccessDenied.htm" 
         responseMode="File" />
 </httpErrors>
 -->
</system.webServer>

I have even modified the applicationhost.config file and modified <httpErrors lockAttributes="allowAbsolutePathsWhenDelegated,defaultPath"> to <httpErrors lockAttributes="allowAbsolutePathsWhenDelegated"> based on information from iis.net. During the course of my endeavours I also managed to stumbled upon this error as described in another SO question.

How do I display custom error pages in Asp.Net Mvc 3?

Additional info

The following controller actions have been decorated with the Authorise attribute for a specific user.

[HttpGet]
[Authorize(Users = "domain\\userXYZ")]
public ActionResult Edit() 
{
   return GetSettings();
}

[HttpPost]
[Authorize(Users = "domain\\userXYZ")]
public ActionResult Edit(ConfigurationModel model, IList<Shift> shifts)
{
    var temp = model;
    model.ConfiguredShifts = shifts;
    EsgConsole config = new EsgConsole();

    config.UpdateConfiguration(model.ToDictionary());
    return RedirectToAction("Index");
}

回答1:

I use these steps:

// in Global.asax.cs:
        protected void Application_Error(object sender, EventArgs e) {

            var ex = Server.GetLastError().GetBaseException();

            Server.ClearError();
            var routeData = new RouteData();
            routeData.Values.Add("controller", "Error");
            routeData.Values.Add("action", "Index");

            if (ex.GetType() == typeof(HttpException)) {
                var httpException = (HttpException)ex;
                var code = httpException.GetHttpCode();
                routeData.Values.Add("status", code);
            } else {
                routeData.Values.Add("status", 500);
            }

            routeData.Values.Add("error", ex);

            IController errorController = new Kavand.Web.Controllers.ErrorController();
            errorController.Execute(new RequestContext(new HttpContextWrapper(Context), routeData));
        }

        protected void Application_EndRequest(object sender, EventArgs e) {
            if (Context.Response.StatusCode == 401) { // this is important, because the 401 is not an error by default!!!
                throw new HttpException(401, "You are not authorised");
            }
        }

AND:

// in Error Controller:
    public class ErrorController : Controller {

        public ActionResult  Index(int status, Exception error) {
            Response.StatusCode = status;
            return View(status);
        }

        protected override void Dispose(bool disposing) {
            base.Dispose(disposing);
        }
    }

AND the index view in Error folder:

@* in ~/Views/Error/Index.cshtml: *@

@model Int32    
@{
    Layout = null;
}    
<!DOCTYPE html>    
<html>
<head>
    <title>Kavand | Error</title>
</head>
<body>
    <div>
        There was an error with your request. The error is:<br />
        <p style=" color: Red;">
        @switch (Model) {
            case 401: {
                    <span>Your message goes here...</span>
                }
                break;
            case 403: {
                    <span>Your message goes here...</span>
                }
                break;
            case 404: {
                    <span>Your message goes here...</span>
                }
                break;
            case 500: {
                    <span>Your message goes here...</span>
                }
                break;
            //and more cases for more error-codes...
            default: {
                    <span>Unknown error!!!</span>
                }
                break;
        }
        </p>
    </div>
</body>
</html>

AND -the final step:

<!-- in web.config: -->

<customErrors mode="Off"/>

回答2:

I was never able to get CustomErrors in a web.config and MVC to play nice together, so I gave up. I do this instead.

In global.asax:

protected void Application_Error()
    {
        var exception = Server.GetLastError();
        var httpException = exception as HttpException;
        Response.Clear();
        Server.ClearError();
        var routeData = new RouteData();
        routeData.Values["controller"] = "Errors";
        routeData.Values["action"] = "General";
        routeData.Values["exception"] = exception;
        Response.StatusCode = 500;
        if (httpException != null)
        {
            Response.StatusCode = httpException.GetHttpCode();
            switch (Response.StatusCode)
            {
                case 403:
                    routeData.Values["action"] = "Http403";
                    break;
                case 404:
                    routeData.Values["action"] = "Http404";
                    break;
            }
        }
        // Avoid IIS7 getting in the middle
        Response.TrySkipIisCustomErrors = true;
        IController errorsController = new GNB.LG.StrategicPlanning.Website.Controllers.ErrorsController();
        HttpContextWrapper wrapper = new HttpContextWrapper(Context);
        var rc = new RequestContext(wrapper, routeData);
        errorsController.Execute(rc);
    }

In ErrorsController:

public class ErrorsController
{
    public ActionResult General(Exception exception)
    {
        // log the error here
        return View(exception);
    }

    public ActionResult Http404()
    {
        return View("404");
    }

    public ActionResult Http403()
    {
        return View("403");
    }
}

In web.config:

<customErrors mode="Off" />

That's worked for me no matter where or how the error is created. 401 isn't handled there right now but you could add it pretty easily.

回答3:

Maybe I'm missing something, but MVC has a default global ErrorHandlerAttribute that uses custom errors. This is explained quite well here.

public static void RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilterCollection filters)
{
    filters.Add(new HandleErrorAttribute());
}

All you need to do is turn on custom errors in the config, and then setup custom error redirects, preferably to a static HTML file (in case there's errors with the app).

<customErrors mode="On" defaultRedirect="errors.htm">
    <error statusCode="404" redirect="errors404.htm"/>
</customErrors>

If you prefer could also point to a custom Controller to display the errors. In the following example I've just used the default routing to a Controller named Error, with an action called Index, and string parameter named id (to receive the errorcode). You could of course use any routing you desire. Your example isn't working because you are trying to link directly into the Views directory without going via a Controller. MVC .NET doesn't serve requests to the Views folder directly.

<customErrors mode="On" defaultRedirect="/error/index/500">
    <error statusCode="404" redirect="/error/index/404"/>
</customErrors>

The ErrorHandlerAttribute can also be used extensively with Controllers/Actions to redirect errors to named Views related to the Controller. For example to show the View named MyArgumentError when a exception of type ArgumentException occurs you could use:

[ControllerAction,ExceptionHandler("MyArgumentError",typeof(ArgumentException))]
public void Index()
{
   // some code that could throw ArgumentExcepton
}

Of course another option is to update the stock Error page in Shared.

回答4:

Looking at the first part of your web.config there, you're pointing to an .aspx page directly. When I setup my error pages I pointed directly to a controller and action. For example:

<customErrors mode="On" defaultRedirect="~/Error/UhOh">
  <error statusCode="404" redirect="~/Error/NotFound" />
  <error statusCode="403" redirect="~/Error/AccessDenied" />
</customErrors>

And I had an Error controller with all the required actions. I don't think MVC plays well with direct calls to .aspx pages.