Hibernate: best practice to pull all lazy collecti

问题:

What I have:

@Entity
public class MyEntity {
  @OneToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL, fetch = FetchType.LAZY, orphanRemoval = true)
  @JoinColumn(name = "myentiy_id")
  private List<Address> addreses;

  @OneToMany(cascade = CascadeType.ALL, fetch = FetchType.LAZY, orphanRemoval = true)
  @JoinColumn(name = "myentiy_id")
  private List<Person> persons;

  //....
}

public void handle() {

   Session session = createNewSession();
   MyEntity entity = (MyEntity) session.get(MyEntity.class, entityId);
   proceed(session); // FLUSH, COMMIT, CLOSE session!

   Utils.objectToJson(entity); //TROUBLES, because it can't convert to json lazy collections
}

What a problem:

The problem is that I can't pull lazy collection after session has been closed. But I also can't not close a session in proceed method.

What a solution (coarse solution):

a) Before session is closed, force hibernate to pull lazy collections

entity.getAddresses().size();
entity.getPersons().size();

....

b) Maybe more ellegant way is to use @Fetch(FetchMode.SUBSELECT) annotation

Question:

What is a best practice/common way/more ellegant way to do it? Means convert my object to JSON.

回答1:

Use Hibernate.initialize() within @Transactional to initialize lazy objects.

 start Transaction 
      Hibernate.initialize(entity.getAddresses());
      Hibernate.initialize(entity.getPersons());
 end Transaction 

Now out side of the Transaction you are able to get lazy objects.

entity.getAddresses().size();
entity.getPersons().size();

回答2:

You can traverse over the Getters of the Hibernate object in the same transaction to assure all lazy child objects are fetched eagerly with the following generic helper class:

HibernateUtil.initializeObject(myObject, "my.app.model");

package my.app.util;

import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Set;

import org.aspectj.org.eclipse.jdt.core.dom.Modifier;
import org.hibernate.Hibernate;

public class HibernateUtil {

public static byte[] hibernateCollectionPackage = "org.hibernate.collection".getBytes();

public static void initializeObject( Object o, String insidePackageName ) {
    Set<Object> seenObjects = new HashSet<Object>();
    initializeObject( o, seenObjects, insidePackageName.getBytes() );
    seenObjects = null;
}

private static void initializeObject( Object o, Set<Object> seenObjects, byte[] insidePackageName ) {

    seenObjects.add( o );

    Method[] methods = o.getClass().getMethods();
    for ( Method method : methods ) {

        String methodName = method.getName();

        // check Getters exclusively
        if ( methodName.length() < 3 || !"get".equals( methodName.substring( 0, 3 ) ) )
            continue;

        // Getters without parameters
        if ( method.getParameterTypes().length > 0 )
            continue;

        int modifiers = method.getModifiers();

        // Getters that are public
        if ( !Modifier.isPublic( modifiers ) )
            continue;

        // but not static
        if ( Modifier.isStatic( modifiers ) )
            continue;

        try {

            // Check result of the Getter
            Object r = method.invoke( o );

            if ( r == null )
                continue;

            // prevent cycles
            if ( seenObjects.contains( r ) )
                continue;

            // ignore simple types, arrays und anonymous classes
            if ( !isIgnoredType( r.getClass() ) && !r.getClass().isPrimitive() && !r.getClass().isArray() && !r.getClass().isAnonymousClass() ) {

                // ignore classes out of the given package and out of the hibernate collection
                // package
                if ( !isClassInPackage( r.getClass(), insidePackageName ) && !isClassInPackage( r.getClass(), hibernateCollectionPackage ) ) {
                    continue;
                }

                // initialize child object
                Hibernate.initialize( r );

                // traverse over the child object
                initializeObject( r, seenObjects, insidePackageName );
            }

        } catch ( InvocationTargetException e ) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return;
        } catch ( IllegalArgumentException e ) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return;
        } catch ( IllegalAccessException e ) {
            e.printStackTrace();
            return;
        }
    }

}

private static final Set<Class<?>> IGNORED_TYPES = getIgnoredTypes();

private static boolean isIgnoredType( Class<?> clazz ) {
    return IGNORED_TYPES.contains( clazz );
}

private static Set<Class<?>> getIgnoredTypes() {
    Set<Class<?>> ret = new HashSet<Class<?>>();
    ret.add( Boolean.class );
    ret.add( Character.class );
    ret.add( Byte.class );
    ret.add( Short.class );
    ret.add( Integer.class );
    ret.add( Long.class );
    ret.add( Float.class );
    ret.add( Double.class );
    ret.add( Void.class );
    ret.add( String.class );
    ret.add( Class.class );
    ret.add( Package.class );
    return ret;
}

private static Boolean isClassInPackage( Class<?> clazz, byte[] insidePackageName ) {

    Package p = clazz.getPackage();
    if ( p == null )
        return null;

    byte[] packageName = p.getName().getBytes();

    int lenP = packageName.length;
    int lenI = insidePackageName.length;

    if ( lenP < lenI )
        return false;

    for ( int i = 0; i < lenI; i++ ) {
        if ( packageName[i] != insidePackageName[i] )
            return false;
    }

    return true;
}
}

回答3:

Place the Utils.objectToJson(entity); call before session closing.

Or you can try to set fetch mode and play with code like this

Session s = ...
DetachedCriteria dc = DetachedCriteria.forClass(MyEntity.class).add(Expression.idEq(id));
dc.setFetchMode("innerTable", FetchMode.EAGER);
Criteria c = dc.getExecutableCriteria(s);
MyEntity a = (MyEntity)c.uniqueResult();

回答4:

Not the best solution, but here is what I got:

1) Annotate getter you want to initialize with this annotation:

@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
public @interface Lazy {

}

2) Use this method (can be put in a generic class, or you can change T with Object class) on a object after you read it from database:

    public <T> void forceLoadLazyCollections(T entity) {

    Session session = getSession().openSession();
    Transaction tx = null;
    try {

        tx = session.beginTransaction();
        session.refresh(entity);
        if (entity == null) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Entity is null!");
        }
        for (Method m : entityClass.getMethods()) {

            Lazy annotation = m.getAnnotation(Lazy.class);
            if (annotation != null) {
                m.setAccessible(true);
                logger.debug(" method.invoke(obj, arg1, arg2,...); {} field", m.getName());
                try {
                    Hibernate.initialize(m.invoke(entity));
                }
                catch (Exception e) {
                    logger.warn("initialization exception", e);
                }
            }
        }

    }
    finally {
        session.close();
    }
}

回答5:

With Hibernate 4.1.6 a new feature is introduced to handle those lazy association problems. When you enable hibernate.enable_lazy_load_no_trans property in hibernate.properties or in hibernate.cfg.xml, you will have no LazyInitializationException any more.

For More refer : https://stackoverflow.com/a/11913404/286588

回答6:

It's probably not anywhere approaching a best practice, but I usually call a SIZE on the collection to load the children in the same transaction, like you have suggested. It's clean, immune to any changes in the structure of the child elements, and yields SQL with low overhead.

回答7:

Try use Gson library to convert objects to Json

Example with servlets :

  List<Party> parties = bean.getPartiesByIncidentId(incidentId);
        String json = "";
        try {
            json = new Gson().toJson(parties);
        } catch (Exception ex) {
            ex.printStackTrace();
        }
        response.setContentType("application/json");
        response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");
        response.getWriter().write(json);

回答8:

When having to fetch multiple collections, you need to:

1. JOIN FETCH one collection
2. Use the Hibernate.initialize for the remaining collections.

So, in your case, you need a first JPQL query like this one:

MyEntity entity = session.createQuery("select e from MyEntity e join fetch e.addreses where e.id 
= :id", MyEntity.class)
.setParameter("id", entityId)
.getSingleResult();

Hibernate.initialize(entity.persons);

This way, you can achieve your goal with 2 SQL queries and avoid a Cartesian Product.

回答9:

if you using jpa repository, set properties.put("hibernate.enable_lazy_load_no_trans",true); to jpaPropertymap