Add User to Docker Container

问题:

I have a docker container with some processes (uwsgi and celery) running inside. I want to create a celery user and a uwsgi user for these processes as well as a worker group that they will both belong to, in order to assign permissions.

I tried adding RUN adduser uwsgi and RUN adduser celery to my Dockerfile, but this is causing problems, since these commands prompt for input (I've posted the responses from the build below).

What is the best way to add users to a Docker container so as to set permissions for workers running in the container?

My Docker image is built from the official Ubuntu14.04 base.

Here is the output from the Dockerfile when the adduser commands are run:

Adding user `uwsgi' ...
Adding new group `uwsgi' (1000) ... 
Adding new user `uwsgi' (1000) with group `uwsgi' ... 
Creating home directory `/home/uwsgi' ...
Copying files from `/etc/skel' ... 
[91mEnter new UNIX password: Retype new UNIX password: [0m 
[91mpasswd: Authentication token manipulation error
passwd: password unchanged
[0m 
[91mUse of uninitialized value $answer in chop at /usr/sbin/adduser line 563.
[0m 
[91mUse of uninitialized value $answer in pattern match (m//) at /usr/sbin/adduser line 564.
[0m 
Try again? [y/N] 
Changing the user information for uwsgi
Enter the new value, or press ENTER for the default
    Full Name []: 
Room Number []:     Work Phone []:  Home Phone []:  Other []: 
[91mUse of uninitialized value $answer in chop at /usr/sbin/adduser line 589.
[0m 
[91mUse of uninitialized value $answer in pattern match (m//) at /usr/sbin/adduser line 590.
[0m 
Is the information correct? [Y/n] 
---> 258f2f2f13df 
Removing intermediate container 59948863162a 
Step 5 : RUN adduser celery 
---> Running in be06f1e20f64 
Adding user `celery' ...
Adding new group `celery' (1001) ... 
Adding new user `celery' (1001) with group `celery' ... 
Creating home directory `/home/celery' ...
Copying files from `/etc/skel' ... 
[91mEnter new UNIX password: Retype new UNIX password: [0m 
[91mpasswd: Authentication token manipulation error
passwd: password unchanged
[0m 
[91mUse of uninitialized value $answer in chop at /usr/sbin/adduser line 563.
[0m 
[91mUse of uninitialized value $answer in pattern match (m//) at /usr/sbin/adduser line 564.
[0m 
Try again? [y/N] 
Changing the user information for celery
Enter the new value, or press ENTER for the default
    Full Name []:   Room Number []:     Work Phone []: 
Home Phone []:  Other []: 
[91mUse of uninitialized value $answer in chop at /usr/sbin/adduser line 589.
[0m 
[91mUse of uninitialized value $answer in pattern match (m//) at /usr/sbin/adduser line 590.
[0m 
Is the information correct? [Y/n] 

回答1:

The trick is to use useradd instead of its interactive wrapper adduser. I usually create users with:

RUN useradd -ms /bin/bash newuser

which creates a home directory for the user and ensures that bash is the default shell.

You can then add:

USER newuser
WORKDIR /home/newuser

to your dockerfile. Every command afterwards as well as interactive sessions will be executed as user newuser:

docker run -t -i image
newuser@131b7ad86360:~$

You might have to give newuser the permissions to execute the programs you intend to run before invoking the user command.

Using non-privileged users inside containers is a good idea for security reasons. It also has a few drawbacks. Most importantly, people deriving images from your image will have to switch back to root before they can execute commands with superuser privileges.

回答2:

To avoid the interactive questions by adduser, you can call it with these parameters:

RUN adduser --disabled-password --gecos '' newuser

The --gecos parameter is used to set the additional information. In this case it is just empty.

On systems with busybox (like Alpine), use

RUN adduser -D -g '' newuser

See busybox adduser

回答3:

Ubuntu

Try the following lines in Dockerfile:

RUN useradd -d /home/ubuntu -ms /bin/bash -g root -G sudo -p ubuntu ubuntu
USER ubuntu
WORKDIR /home/ubuntu

useradd options (see: man useradd):

• -d, --home-dir HOME_DIR Home directory of the new account.
• -m, --create-home Create the user's home directory.
• -s, --shell SHELL Login shell of the new account.
• -g, --gid GROUP Name or ID of the primary group.
• -G, --groups GROUPS List of supplementary groups.
• -p, --password PASSWORD Encrypted password of the new account (e.g. ubuntu).

回答4:

Add this line to your Dockerfile (You can run any linux command this way)

RUN useradd -ms /bin/bash yourNewUserName

回答5:

This is yet another example (in case you have some network directory active)

(sudo groups || groups) | grep docker || echo 'Could not find docker group, consider: groupadd docker; gpasswd -a ${USER} docker; service docker.io restart; service docker restart; newgrp docker; nscd -i group'

and just creating the user with some useful groups

useradd -g cdrom,floppy,audio,dip,video,plugdev,netdev,lpadmin,scanner,bluetooth,docker --create-home --shell $SHELL gitlabuser