我的项目需要特定设备的检测，当它连接到USB。 我可以识别该设备的唯一方式是通过其描述/设备名称，而不是COM端口。 我发现执行正确的功能是使用WMI查询和检查name属性：
ManagementObjectSearcher searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher("Select * from WIN32_SerialPort");
foreach (ManagementObject port in searcher.Get())
{
deviceName = (string)foundPort.GetPropertyValue("Name");
...
我最初通过连接我的手机进行了测试，该查询返回上COM3发现手机预期。 然后，我连接其他设备（如USB转串口转换器，它更像我需要这个项目的设备）和查询根本没有找到它。 它只能找到手机。 该设备确实，但是，显示端口COM4在设备管理器。 要刁难我还要多，SerialPort类会找到这两个设备，但它并没有提供我需要识别设备的信息：
string[] tempPorts = SerialPort.GetPortNames();
我已阅读如此众多线程和其他地方并不能找到一个令人满意的解决方案。 可能有人请澄清为何WIN32_SerialPort查询没有找到我的其他设备？ 难道没有考虑由于某种原因win32的串行端口？ 而且，可能有人请点我一个解决这个问题的方向是什么？
如何列出所有串行端口：
有几个系统定义的设备安装程序类提供给硬件厂商。 为正确编写的驱动程序COM-Ports应该使用的Ports (COM & LPT ports) -class（GUID： 4d36e978-e325-11ce-bfc1-08002be10318 ）。 也许这个类是使用设备管理器为好。
所以，你可以使用下面的查询列出每一个串口，你也看到devicemanager：
ManagementObjectSearcher searcher = new ManagementObjectSearcher(
"root\\CIMV2",
"SELECT * FROM Win32_PnPEntity WHERE ClassGuid=\"{4d36e978-e325-11ce-bfc1-08002be10318}\""
);
foreach (ManagementObject queryObj in searcher.Get())
{
// do what you like with the Win32_PnpEntity
}
见的详细描述Win32_PnPEntity -class。 你应该有你需要确定你的设备应有尽有。
为了确定端口号我检查name属性和解压。 到现在为止这工作正常，但如果保证下，端口号将被包含在名字我不知道。 我还没有发现任何串口设备到现在为止，也没有包含在名称的端口号。
上述查询查找每串口设备，不管它是否是蓝牙SPP，一个FTDI芯片，在主板上的端口，扩展卡或通过一些调制解调器驱动器（即周游世界GTM66xxW）生成的虚拟串行端口。
为了确定连接（蓝牙，USB等），您可以检查设备ID的类型（看看设备ID的第一部分）。 在那里，你也可以提取BT-MAC地址（注意与：设备ID看起来不一样，至少在Windows 7和Windows XP）。
至于为什么有些设备不与Win32_SerialPort列出：
我怀疑这取决于驱动程序实现的，因为我有一些USB的设备得到他们的端口列出一些不。
我想我看到你正在尝试做的，看看这段代码使用WMICodeCreator（链接到WMICodeCreator国产http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=8572 ）从这篇文章中的HTTP ：//www.codeproject.com/Articles/32330/A-Useful-WMI-Tool-How-To-Find-USB-to-Serial-Adapto
//Below is code pasted from WMICodeCreator
try
{
ManagementObjectSearcher searcher =
new ManagementObjectSearcher("root\\WMI",
"SELECT * FROM MSSerial_PortName");
foreach (ManagementObject queryObj in searcher.Get())
{
Console.WriteLine("-----------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine("MSSerial_PortName instance");
Console.WriteLine("-----------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine("InstanceName: {0}", queryObj["InstanceName"]);
Console.WriteLine("-----------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine("MSSerial_PortName instance");
Console.WriteLine("-----------------------------------");
Console.WriteLine("PortName: {0}", queryObj["PortName"]);
//If the serial port's instance name contains USB
//it must be a USB to serial device
if (queryObj["InstanceName"].ToString().Contains("USB"))
{
Console.WriteLine(queryObj["PortName"] + "
is a USB to SERIAL adapter/converter");
}
}
}
catch (ManagementException e)
{
MessageBox.Show("An error occurred while querying for WMI data: " + e.Message);
}
眼看要通过“名称”进行搜索，我想你会需要通过所有连接的设备来遍历和查询他们得到的产品名称。
这里是代码通过了WinUSB设备迭代：
https://github.com/MelbourneDeveloper/Device.Net/blob/master/src/Device.Net/Windows/WindowsDeviceFactoryBase.cs
public async Task<IEnumerable<DeviceDefinition>> GetConnectedDeviceDefinitions(uint? vendorId, uint? productId)
{
return await Task.Run<IEnumerable<DeviceDefinition>>(() =>
{
var deviceDefinitions = new Collection<DeviceDefinition>();
var spDeviceInterfaceData = new SpDeviceInterfaceData();
var spDeviceInfoData = new SpDeviceInfoData();
var spDeviceInterfaceDetailData = new SpDeviceInterfaceDetailData();
spDeviceInterfaceData.CbSize = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(spDeviceInterfaceData);
spDeviceInfoData.CbSize = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(spDeviceInfoData);
var guidString = ClassGuid.ToString();
var copyOfClassGuid = new Guid(guidString);
var i = APICalls.SetupDiGetClassDevs(ref copyOfClassGuid, IntPtr.Zero, IntPtr.Zero, APICalls.DigcfDeviceinterface | APICalls.DigcfPresent);
if (IntPtr.Size == 8)
{
spDeviceInterfaceDetailData.CbSize = 8;
}
else
{
spDeviceInterfaceDetailData.CbSize = 4 + Marshal.SystemDefaultCharSize;
}
var x = -1;
while (true)
{
x++;
var isSuccess = APICalls.SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces(i, IntPtr.Zero, ref copyOfClassGuid, (uint)x, ref spDeviceInterfaceData);
if (!isSuccess)
{
var errorCode = Marshal.GetLastWin32Error();
if (errorCode == APICalls.ERROR_NO_MORE_ITEMS)
{
break;
}
throw new Exception($"Could not enumerate devices. Error code: {errorCode}");
}
isSuccess = APICalls.SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail(i, ref spDeviceInterfaceData, ref spDeviceInterfaceDetailData, 256, out _, ref spDeviceInfoData);
WindowsDeviceBase.HandleError(isSuccess, "Could not get device interface detail");
//Note this is a bit nasty but we can filter Vid and Pid this way I think...
var vendorHex = vendorId?.ToString("X").ToLower().PadLeft(4, '0');
var productIdHex = productId?.ToString("X").ToLower().PadLeft(4, '0');
if (vendorId.HasValue && !spDeviceInterfaceDetailData.DevicePath.ToLower().Contains(vendorHex)) continue;
if (productId.HasValue && !spDeviceInterfaceDetailData.DevicePath.ToLower().Contains(productIdHex)) continue;
var deviceDefinition = GetDeviceDefinition(spDeviceInterfaceDetailData.DevicePath);
deviceDefinitions.Add(deviceDefinition);
}
APICalls.SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(i);
return deviceDefinitions;
});
}
对于这些设备，您可以查询这样的设备：
https://github.com/MelbourneDeveloper/Device.Net/blob/master/src/Usb.Net/Windows/WindowsUsbDevice.cs
var isSuccess = WinUsbApiCalls.WinUsb_Initialize(_DeviceHandle, out var defaultInterfaceHandle);
HandleError(isSuccess, "Couldn't initialize device");
var bufferLength = (uint)Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(USB_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR));
isSuccess = WinUsbApiCalls.WinUsb_GetDescriptor(defaultInterfaceHandle, WinUsbApiCalls.DEFAULT_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE, 0, EnglishLanguageID, out _UsbDeviceDescriptor, bufferLength, out var lengthTransferred);
HandleError(isSuccess, "Couldn't get device descriptor");
if (_UsbDeviceDescriptor.iProduct > 0)
{
//Get the product name
var buffer = new byte[256];
isSuccess = WinUsbApiCalls.WinUsb_GetDescriptor(defaultInterfaceHandle, WinUsbApiCalls.USB_STRING_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE, _UsbDeviceDescriptor.iProduct, 1033, buffer, (uint)buffer.Length, out var transfered);
HandleError(isSuccess, "Couldn't get product name");
Product = new string(Encoding.Unicode.GetChars(buffer, 2, (int)transfered));
Product = Product.Substring(0, Product.Length - 1);
}
public static partial class WinUsbApiCalls
{
public const uint DEVICE_SPEED = 1;
public const byte USB_ENDPOINT_DIRECTION_MASK = 0X80;
public const int WritePipeId = 0x80;
/// <summary>
/// Not sure where this constant is defined...
/// </summary>
public const int DEFAULT_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE = 0x01;
public const int USB_STRING_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE = 0x03;
[DllImport("winusb.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern bool WinUsb_ControlTransfer(IntPtr InterfaceHandle, WINUSB_SETUP_PACKET SetupPacket, byte[] Buffer, uint BufferLength, ref uint LengthTransferred, IntPtr Overlapped);
[DllImport("winusb.dll", SetLastError = true, CharSet = CharSet.Auto)]
public static extern bool WinUsb_GetAssociatedInterface(SafeFileHandle InterfaceHandle, byte AssociatedInterfaceIndex, out SafeFileHandle AssociatedInterfaceHandle);
[DllImport("winusb.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern bool WinUsb_GetDescriptor(SafeFileHandle InterfaceHandle, byte DescriptorType, byte Index, ushort LanguageID, out USB_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR deviceDesc, uint BufferLength, out uint LengthTransfered);
[DllImport("winusb.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern bool WinUsb_GetDescriptor(SafeFileHandle InterfaceHandle, byte DescriptorType, byte Index, UInt16 LanguageID, byte[] Buffer, UInt32 BufferLength, out UInt32 LengthTransfered);
[DllImport("winusb.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern bool WinUsb_Free(SafeFileHandle InterfaceHandle);
[DllImport("winusb.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern bool WinUsb_Initialize(SafeFileHandle DeviceHandle, out SafeFileHandle InterfaceHandle);
[DllImport("winusb.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern bool WinUsb_QueryDeviceInformation(IntPtr InterfaceHandle, uint InformationType, ref uint BufferLength, ref byte Buffer);
[DllImport("winusb.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern bool WinUsb_QueryInterfaceSettings(SafeFileHandle InterfaceHandle, byte AlternateInterfaceNumber, out USB_INTERFACE_DESCRIPTOR UsbAltInterfaceDescriptor);
[DllImport("winusb.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern bool WinUsb_QueryPipe(SafeFileHandle InterfaceHandle, byte AlternateInterfaceNumber, byte PipeIndex, out WINUSB_PIPE_INFORMATION PipeInformation);
[DllImport("winusb.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern bool WinUsb_ReadPipe(SafeFileHandle InterfaceHandle, byte PipeID, byte[] Buffer, uint BufferLength, out uint LengthTransferred, IntPtr Overlapped);
[DllImport("winusb.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern bool WinUsb_SetPipePolicy(IntPtr InterfaceHandle, byte PipeID, uint PolicyType, uint ValueLength, ref uint Value);
[DllImport("winusb.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern bool WinUsb_WritePipe(SafeFileHandle InterfaceHandle, byte PipeID, byte[] Buffer, uint BufferLength, out uint LengthTransferred, IntPtr Overlapped);
}
