Don't put html, head and body tags automatical

2019-01-12 01:48发布

站内文章 / Python
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问题:

using beautifulsoup with html5lib, it puts the html, head and body tags automatically:

BeautifulSoup('<h1>FOO</h1>', 'html5lib') # => <html><head></head><body><h1>FOO</h1></body></html>

is there any option that I can set, turn off this behavior ?

回答1:

In [35]: import bs4 as bs

In [36]: bs.BeautifulSoup('<h1>FOO</h1>', "html.parser")
Out[36]: <h1>FOO</h1>

This parses the HTML with Python's builtin HTML parser. Quoting the docs:

Unlike html5lib, this parser makes no attempt to create a well-formed HTML document by adding a <body> tag. Unlike lxml, it doesn’t even bother to add an <html> tag.

Alternatively, you could use the html5lib parser and just select the element after <body>:

In [61]: soup = bs.BeautifulSoup('<h1>FOO</h1>', 'html5lib')

In [62]: soup.body.next
Out[62]: <h1>FOO</h1>


回答2:

Your only option is to not use html5lib to parse the data.

That's a feature of the html5lib library, it fixes HTML that is lacking, such as adding back in missing required elements.



回答3:

Yet another solution:

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
soup = BeautifulSoup('<p>Hello <a href="http://google.com">Google</a></p><p>Hi!</p>', 'lxml')
# content handling example (just for example)
# replace Google with StackOverflow
for a in soup.findAll('a'):
  a['href'] = 'http://stackoverflow.com/'
  a.string = 'StackOverflow'
print ''.join([unicode(i) for i in soup.html.body.findChildren(recursive=False)])


回答4:

You could remove html and body by specify soup.body.<tag>:

# python3: first child
print(next(soup.body.children))

# if first child's tag is rss
print(soup.body.rss)

Also you could use unwrap to remove body, head, and html

soup.html.body.unwrap()
if soup.html.select('> head'):
    soup.html.head.unwrap()
soup.html.unwrap()

If you load xml file, bs4.diagnose(data) will tell you to use lxml-xml, which will not wrap your soup with html+body

>>> BS('<foo>xxx</foo>', 'lxml-xml')
<foo>xxx</foo>


回答5:

If you want it to look better, try this:

BeautifulSoup([contents you want to analyze].prettify())



标签： python beautifulsoup html5lib
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